Clinico-etiological Profile of Neonatal Thrombocytopenia in a Tertiary Care NICU

Neonatal thrombocytopenia, defined as a platelet count below 150,000 per µL, is one of the most common hematological abnormalities seen in neonatal intensive care units, particularly among preterm and low birth weight infants. Early identification and appropriate management are important, as severe thrombocytopenia can increase the risk of bleeding and contribute to adverse clinical outcomes.

This prospective study will include 385 neonates diagnosed with neonatal thrombocytopenia who are admitted to a rural tertiary care hospital over a period of two years. The study aims to document maternal, perinatal, and neonatal risk factors associated with the condition. In addition, thrombocytopenia will be categorized according to the time of onset and severity in order to better understand its clinical patterns.

Clinical outcomes such as bleeding manifestations, duration of NICU stay, and mortality will also be evaluated. Particular attention will be given to the indications for platelet transfusion and the outcomes following transfusion, as current neonatal practice often lacks clear and standardized guidelines in this area.

By identifying common causes and potential prognostic markers of neonatal thrombocytopenia, the study seeks to support earlier diagnosis and more rational management. The findings may help guide evidence-based transfusion practices and contribute to the development of practical management protocols suited for rural NICU settings. Ultimately, this research aims to help reduce morbidity and mortality among affected neonates while also providing baseline data that may support future neonatal health research and policy development.