Impact of ß-glucan Supplementation During Calorie and Carbohydrate Restriction on Subjective Appetite and Gastrointestinal Appetite Hormones in Overweight Adults.

This will be a randomised crossover study which will be conducted on overweight and obese women with BMI of 27-35 kg/m2 and 18 -50 years old. Subjects will conduct two experimental trials, each lasting over 2 days and involving the consumption of two low-calorie meal replacements, one for breakfast and another one for dinner, and a low carbohydrate lunch meal for 2 consecutive days. In one trial, during each meal participants will take 3g of beta-glucan supplement and 3 g of cellulose as a placebo will be taken in another trial. On day 1 of each trial, a low-calorie breakfast will be consumed at the metabolic investigation laboratory at New Lister Building (NLB) of Glasgow Royal Infirmary and low carbohydrate lunch and low-calorie dinner at home. On day 2, breakfast and lunch will be consumed at the laboratory. On day 2, prior to the breakfast, 1000mg of paracetamol will be taken, and blood samples, breath hydrogen tests, appetite questionnaires and metabolic rate measurements will be obtained for 7 hours after the completion of breakfast. Trials will be separated by a 7-day washout period. All measurements will be collected at New Lister Building (NLB). Prior to the main experimental trials, participants will be asked to undergo a screening session which includes answering a health screening questionnaire and undergoing measurements of height, body weight, body composition and resting energy expenditure.