Evaluation and Enhancement of the Summer Food Service Program in Youth From an Urban, Low-resource Community

Youth from low-resource communities are disproportionately affected by childhood obesity, independent of race and ethnicity. A time of particular vulnerability for excess weight gain in low-income youth is the summer. Findings from three separate low-income populations show that BMI z-scores (BMIz) decrease during the school year and increase during the summer in this population. To address this and aid in national obesity prevention efforts, the Institute of Medicine and the White House Task Force on Childhood Obesity recommend increased access to the Summer Food Service Program (SFSP), a federally-funded program that provides a free, healthy lunch meal to youth during the summer. However, participation in the SFSP is low. Based on qualitative work with families from low-income communities, this pilot trial is designed to test the acceptability and and preliminary efficacy of the BOKS program, an evidence-based physical activity curriculum that engages school-age children in moderate to vigorous physical activity for one hour daily, when offered alongside the USDA's Summer Food Service Program during the summer. Specifically, 80 children, ages 6-12 years and from low-income households, will be randomized to participate in the BOKS + SFSP program or to the SFSP alone. To test acceptability of the combined program versus the SFSP alone, we will compare SFSP participation (attendance) across groups. Additionally, we will examine physical fitness levels in both groups to determine if participation in the BOKS program prevents the loss of fitness gains achieved during the school year.