A phase II study of real-time endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) with rapid on-site cytologic evaluation (ROSE) in the diagnosis of lung cancer - EBUS-TBNA with ROSE in the diagnosis of lung cancer

EBUS-TBNA with ROSE for hilar-mediastinal lesions established a specific diagnosis in 63 of all 81 patients (78%) examined, and in 55 of 64 (86%) in whom lung cancer was diagnosed without any complications. The ROSE results allowed the avoidance of additional bronchoscopic procedures in 53 of 81 patients (65%). Although four false-positive results and two false-negative results (accuracy; 93%) occurred in predicting the final diagnosis of malignancy by ROSE on EBUS-TBNA, the misdiagnosis by ROSE did not cause any significant adverse effects on patient care.