Pain, Discomfort, and Functional Impairments During Maxillary Expansion

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Constriction
• Interventions: Device: The bonded McNamara-type appliance; Device: The removable palatal expansion appliance

• Registration Number: NCT05248087
• Lead Sponsor: Damascus University

Brief Summary

Maxillary expansion is associated with varying degrees of pain and functional impairments. The current study aims to compare rapid maxillary expansion using a McNamara-type (bonded) appliance and slow maxillary expansion using a removable palatal expansion appliance concerning patient-centered outcomes. Those outcomes will include pain and discomfort, mastication difficulties, swallowing difficulties, and pressure on the soft tissues.

Detailed Description

Skeletal maxillary constriction is one of the common orthodontic problems of all ages, which could be unilateral or bilateral. If it is neglected and not treated, it may result in later orthodontic problems such as skeletal deviation of the lower jaw. The current study aims to use two types of expanders to treat skeletal maxillary constriction in adolescents aged between 12 and 16 years. The study sample will include 52 patients who will be equally divided into two groups: the slow and the rapid maxillary expansion groups. Patients will be asked to answer a questionnaire within five assessment times during the expansion procedure. The questionnaire will contain four questions: 1) What is the degree of discomfort/pain? 2) What is the degree of mastication difficulties? 3) What is the degree of swallowing difficulties? 4) What is the degree of any sense of pressure in soft tissue?

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2020-02-20
• Primary Completion: 2021-03-20
• Study Completion: 2021-07-25
• Status Verified: 2022-02
• Study First Submitted: 2022-02-10
• Study First Submitted QC: 2022-02-10
• Last Update Submitted: 2022-02-10
• Study First Posted: 2022-02-21
• Last Update Posted: 2022-02-21

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 52

Inclusion Criteria

1. Adolescents between 12 and 16 years.
2. Early permanent dentition.
3. Skeletal bilateral maxillary constriction.
4. There is no loss or absence of any permanent teeth except for the third molar.
5. Dental and skeletal class I/II malocclusion.
6. Normal/mild vertical growth pattern.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Previous orthodontic treatment.
2. A severe horizontal growth pattern.
3. Any periodontal diseases.
4. Any general diseases or syndromes.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
The rapid maxillary expansion	The bonded McNamara-type appliance	The rapid maxillary expansion will be applied using a McNamara-type (bonded) appliance.
The slow maxillary expansion	The removable palatal expansion appliance	The slow maxillary expansion will be applied using a removable palatal expansion appliance.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in the levels of mastication difficulties	T1: after 24 hours; T2: on the 7th day; T3: on the 15th day; T4: after 1 month; T5: after 4 months	The degree of mastication difficulties that patients feel will be determined using their answers to the following question (question 02): 'What is the degree of mastication difficulties?' The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) will be adopted to measure the degree of mastication difficulties.
Change in the levels of discomfort or pain	T1: after 24 hours; T2: on the 7th day; T3: on the 15th day; T4: after 1 month; T5: after 4 months	The degree of pain and discomfort that patients feel will be determined using their answers to the following question (question 01): 'What is the degree of discomfort/pain?' The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) will be adopted to measure the degree of discomfort/pain.
Change in the levels of swallowing difficulties	T1: after 24 hours; T2: on the 7th day; T3: on the 15th day; T4: after 1 month; T5: after 4 months	The degree of swallowing difficulties that patients feel will be determined using their answers to the following question (question 03): ' What is the degree of swallowing difficulties?' The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) will be adopted to measure the degree of swallowing difficulties.
Change in the levels of sensation of pressure on soft tissue	T1: after 24 hours; T2: on the 7th day; T3: on the 15th day; T4: after 1 month; T5: after 4 months	The degree of any sense of pressure in soft tissue that patients feel will be determined using their answers to the following question (question 04): ' What is the degree of any sense of pressure in soft tissue? ' The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) will be adopted to measure the degree of any sense of pressure in soft tissue.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University of Damascus; 🇸🇾 Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic