Adapting the Finding Respect and Ending Stigma Around HIV (FRESH) Intervention for the Dominican Republic

Not Applicable

Completed

Conditions: Hiv

Interventions: Behavioral: Finding Respect and Ending Stigma around HIV (FRESH)

Registration Number: NCT04491539

Lead Sponsor: Florida State University

Brief Summary: This research has the potential to make important contributions toward HIV and intersectional stigma reduction across the Spanish-speaking Caribbean. It will do so by adapting and testing a patient-provider, clinic-based intersectional stigma-reduction intervention -- Finding Respect and Ending Stigma around HIV (FRESH) -- for the Dominican Republic. Preliminary results from this R21 study (e.g. workshop satisfaction, stigma outcomes, HIV continuum of care outcomes, etc.) will inform the development of an investigator-initiated R01 proposal to conduct a full scale randomized controlled trial of the adapted FRESH intervention.

Detailed Description: The proposed study addresses the high level of stigma against people living with HIV (PLWH), particularly gender and sexual minorities, that is embedded in the Dominican Republic's HIV treatment system through the adaptation and testing of a patient-provider intervention -- Finding Respect and Ending Stigma around HIV (FRESH). The Dominican Republic is a high priority setting with an increasing need for HIV stigma reduction studies. The Caribbean holds the second highest regional burden of HIV in the world, yet receives insufficient HIV-related stigma research funding. The Dominican Republic is 1 of 5 countries that accounts for over 95% of all Caribbean HIV infections; it also has a significant concentrated HIV epidemic, a deeply conservative society in which PLWH are stigmatized, and an exceptionally low national viral load suppression rate. To accomplish this pilot study, three Specific Aims are proposed. Aim 1 is to explore sources, characteristics, and consequences of HIV-related and intersectional stigmas experienced in healthcare settings to inform the adaptation of FRESH. To accomplish Aim 1, we will conduct qualitative in-depth interviews with healthcare workers who provide HIV care, focus groups with MSM, and in-depth interviews with trans- women. Aim 2 is to adapt FRESH to address stigmas experienced these individuals in the Dominican Republic. We will apply the Aim 1 findings using the ADAPT-ITT framework to systematically adapt FRESH, an intervention that has been employed to reduce stigma in healthcare settings in Africa and the United States. Through an iterative process, each revision of FRESH will be shared with both PLWH and healthcare workers to solicit and incorporate their feedback about each version of the adapted intervention. Aim 3 will pilot-test the adapted intervention to obtain estimates of its ability to reduce stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors from HWs and experiences of stigma reported by sexual and gender minorities (SGM) and non-SGM clients living with HIV (primary); while exploring if FRESH has the potential to influence clinic-level outcomes. By adapting and testing the FRESH intervention for the Spanish-speaking Caribbean, FRESH could become a validated, multi-region HIV and intersectional stigma reduction intervention designed specifically for healthcare settings in high-stigma, culturally conservative, resource-constrained communities; such a scientific development would be a significant contribution to HIV stigma reduction efforts in the Caribbean and globally.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 36

Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

• Does not meet inclusion criteria

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
First Receipt	Finding Respect and Ending Stigma around HIV (FRESH)	Site will received the adapted FRESH intervention first.
Second Receipt	Finding Respect and Ending Stigma around HIV (FRESH)	Site will received the adapted FRESH intervention second.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
HIV-related Stigma	Year 2	For providers, the results are reported for the Opinions about People with HIV sub-scale from the HIV-related stigma among health facility staff scale, 6 questions. Response options are Strongly Agree, Agree, Disagree, and Strongly Disagree. This scale does not include reverse coding. Higher scores indicate higher levels of stigma. The score can range from 5 (min) to 20 (max). For clients, the results are reported for the Experiencing HIV-related Stigma in Healthcare Settings scale, 5 questions. Response options are Never, Rarely, Sometimes, Usually, and Always. This scale does not include reverse coding. Higher scores indicate higher levels of stigma. The score can range from 0 (min) to 20 (max).
HIV Knowledge Index	Year 2	Results are reported for the HIV Knowledge Index from providers only. This is not a validated scale but was being tested in the context of this study. It included 13 homegrown questions. Range was 0 (min) to 13 (max), with higher scores indicating greater knowledge.
Empathy and Avoidance in Treating Patients Living With HIV/AIDS	Year 2	For providers, the results are reported for empathy and avoidance in treating patients living with HIV/AIDS, 11 questions. Response options are Strongly Agree, Agree, Neutral, Disagree, and Strongly Disagree. This scale includes reverse coding. Higher scores indicate higher levels of stigma. The score can range from 11 (min) to 55 (max).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Multiple Discrimination Scale - Orientation	Year 2	For clients, the results are reported for experiences of discrimination related to sexual orientation, 10 questions. Response options are Yes and No. Higher scores indicate higher levels of stigma. The score can range from 0 (min) to 10 (max).