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Food As Medicine for Heart Failure

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Malnutrition
Heart Failure
Interventions
Dietary Supplement: Protein supplementation shakes
Other: Medically-Tailored Meals (MTMs)
Registration Number
NCT04847973
Lead Sponsor
Tufts Medical Center
Brief Summary

Malnutrition and unintentional weight loss are highly prevalent among patients with heart failure (HF), with approximately 50% of patients with heart failure meeting malnutrition criteria. Poor dietary quality and micronutrient deficiencies are associated with higher rates of HF hospitalization and mortality. Therefore nutritional interventions to improve dietary quality and prevent malnutrition development may represent an effective strategy to improve HF-related health status and survival outcomes. To date, there are no large clinical trials investigating the efficacy of 'food as medicine' to improve morbidity and mortality for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The investigators plan to conduct a single-center, randomized pilot trial to assess the tolerability, feasibility, and efficacy of providing medically-tailored meals (MTMs) or protein supplementation shakes to patients with HFrEF and malnutrition. The investigators hypothesize that home delivery of MTMs or protein supplementation shakes will be feasible, well-tolerated and achieve a high degree of satisfaction for patients with HFrEF. The current pilot phase is a single arm non-randomized study. An initial phase has delivered a 12-week MTM dietary intervention. The MTMs are designed, prepared and delivered by our community based organized partner, Community Servings. A second phase will deliver a 12-week protein supplementation shake intervention, with 1 bottle to be consumed daily in addition to the participants' standard home diet. The investigators will measure HF-related health status, functional capacity, and biomarkers of heart failure and nutritional status before and after each study phase. The proposed study will facilitate a larger future randomized trial of nutritional intervention for patients with HFrEF and malnutrition, powered to examine the impact on HF hospitalizations and mortality.

Detailed Description

We plan to conduct a single-center pilot trial to assess the tolerability, feasibility, and efficacy of providing medically-tailored meals to patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and malnutrition. We hypothesize that a nutritionally complete meal plan, targeting 1.1-1.5 g/kg/day protein intake, will improve symptomatology, functional capacity, and serum biomarkers of heart failure in this patient population. We have two primary objectives for this pilot study: 1) confirm tolerability, feasibility, and efficacy of prescribing MTMs or oral protein supplementation and 2) measure changes in functional capacity, patient-reported health status, and biomarkers of nutritional status and heart failure over the course of the study period. For this proposed study, we will test the following elements of this central hypothesis with 2 aims:

Aim 1 Tolerability, feasibility, and efficacy of prescribing medically-tailored meals or protein supplementation: Tolerability will be assessed with the validated 28-item dietary satisfaction score (DSat-28). Efficacy will be assessed by improvement in patient-reported health status questionnaires and feasibility will be assessed by the macronutrient intakes achieved on facilitated food recalls.

Aim 2 Functional capacity and serum biomarkers of nutrition/heart failure: Determine whether medically tailored meals improve symptomatology, functional capacity, and serum biomarkers of nutrition and heart failure in patients with advanced heart failure.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
6
Inclusion Criteria
  1. Systolic heart failure (left ventricular ejection fraction </=40%), with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II-III symptoms
  2. At least one prior hospitalization in the preceding 12 months
  3. Evidence of malnutrition on the Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire (SNAQ) screening tool for malnutrition (score of 2 or more)
  4. Have a fixed address within the Metro Boston region and availability of home refrigeration to accommodate the MTM deliveries
  5. Able and willing to sign study consent
  6. 18 years or above
  7. Not currently pregnant and not imminently planning a pregnancy
Exclusion Criteria
  1. Prior heart transplantation or implantation of a left ventricular assist device
  2. Patients with a non-cardiac etiology for a skeletal muscle disorder e.g. muscular dystrophy, cancer
  3. Currently pregnant or planning to become pregnant
  4. Food allergy, aversion, or dietary preference that cannot be accommodated by Community Servings
  5. Systolic blood pressure at screening <90 mmHg, or heart rate >110 bpm
  6. Galactosemia

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
SINGLE_GROUP
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
12 weeks of protein supplementation shakesProtein supplementation shakesParticipants will receive 1 bottle of Ensure Max Protein shake every day (any flavor option without caffeine, daily for 12 weeks) to take in addition to their standard diet, without MTM delivery.
12 weeks of medically-tailored meals (MTMs)Medically-Tailored Meals (MTMs)12 weeks of home-delivered medically-tailored meals (MTMs), prepared and delivered by the non-profit Community Servings. The MTM has be developed specifically for patients with heart failure, with an approximate protein intake range of 1.1-1.5 g/kg body weight/day and a maximum of 2000 mg sodium/day.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ)Change from start to end of 12-week MTM period

Patient reported health measure (scale 0 to 100, higher indicates better health status)

Sit-to-stand testChange from start to end of 12-week MTM period

Lower extremity strength measure (lower time indicates greater strength)

Diet Satisfaction scale (DSat-28)Change from start to end of 12-week MTM period

Dietary satisfaction measure

Handgrip strength measurement in kgChange from start to end of 12-week MTM period

Upper extremity strength measured by dynamometer (higher kg achieved indicates greater strength)

6 minute walk testChange from start to end of 12-week MTM period

Strength and endurance measure

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire (SNAQ)Change from start to end of 12-week MTM period

Appetite questionnaire (score ranges 0 to 7, \>/=3 indicating a severe malnutrition risk)

Facilitated food recallChange from start to end of 12-week MTM period

3-day 24-hour facilitated food recall

WeightChange from start to end of 12-week MTM period

Subject's body weight, measured on standing scale

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Tufts Medical Center

🇺🇸

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

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