Comparison of dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone as adjuvants to levobupivacaine in axillary brachial plexus block

Phase 4

Completed

Lead Sponsor: Department of Anesthesia Dayanand Medical College and Hospital

Brief Summary: A prospective randomized double blind study was conducted on 40 patients scheduled for surgery on forearm or hand. The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of Dexmedetomidine (100 mcg) and Dexamethasone ( 8 mg) when used as adjuvants to 40 ml of 0.5% levobupivacaine in ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block in terms of the time to onset of sensory and motor block, duration of sensory and motor block, duration of analgesia, total analgesic consumption in 24 hours and any adverse effects. We found that the mean time to onset of sensory and motor block was significantly shorter and mean duration of sensory and motor block as well as duration of analgesia was significantly longer in dexmedetomidine group as compared to dexamethasone group. We concluded that dexmedetomidine (100 mcg) is a better choice over dexamethasone (8 mg) for perineural use as an adjuvant to 0.5% levobupivacaine in ultrasound guided axillary brachial plexus block.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I and II Scheduled for surgery on forearm or hand.

Exclusion Criteria

Uncooperative patients, psychiatric problems, inability to understand the information provided or inability to give the consent.
Any neurological deficit, peripheral neuropathies, myopathies or chronic pain in the operative limb.
History of anaphylaxis to local anaesthetics or known allergy to any of the study drugs to be used.
Any history of bleeding diathesis or coagulation abnormalities.
Any skin infection or local disease at the needle insertion site.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Duration of analgesia and total analgesic consumption in 24 hours.	Onset of sensory and motor block as the time from end of local anesthetic administration to achievement of complete sensory and motor block respectively. \| Duration of sensory block as time from onset of sensory block to return of cold sensation. \| Duration of motor block as time from onset of motor block to return of motor power. \| Duration of analgesia as time from onset of complete sensory block to first intake of rescue analgesia.
Time to onset of sensory and motor block.	Onset of sensory and motor block as the time from end of local anesthetic administration to achievement of complete sensory and motor block respectively. \| Duration of sensory block as time from onset of sensory block to return of cold sensation. \| Duration of motor block as time from onset of motor block to return of motor power. \| Duration of analgesia as time from onset of complete sensory block to first intake of rescue analgesia.
Duration of sensory and motor block.	Onset of sensory and motor block as the time from end of local anesthetic administration to achievement of complete sensory and motor block respectively. \| Duration of sensory block as time from onset of sensory block to return of cold sensation. \| Duration of motor block as time from onset of motor block to return of motor power. \| Duration of analgesia as time from onset of complete sensory block to first intake of rescue analgesia.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Pain scores	Adverse effects- Hypotension, Bradycardia, Tachycardia, Hypoxemia, Sedation, Nausea, Vomiting, Pruritis, Skin Rash, Dry mouth, Dyspnea

Locations (1): Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana
🇮🇳
Ludhiana, PUNJAB, India
Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana
🇮🇳Ludhiana, PUNJAB, India
Tania Singh
Principal investigator
8968677948
tsjasial@gmail.com