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SOFI: A Quality Improvement Project to Standardize Use of Intravenous Fluids in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance
ADH Inappropriate
Intravenous Fluids
Interventions
Other: Education, clinical decision support tools
Registration Number
NCT03924674
Lead Sponsor
Seattle Children's Hospital
Brief Summary

Intravenous fluids (IVF) are used in hospitalized patients to replenish the fluid and electrolyte losses of patients who cannot take adequate hydration by mouth or through their gut. Inappropriate use of IVF may cause serious problems, including abnormalities in blood electrolytes such as sodium, which can lead to serious but rare neurologic harm; pain and discomfort from multiple IV insertions and subsequent complications (e.g., IV infiltration); and inadequate monitoring for adverse effects.

Investigators currently don't know what the most commonly used IVF in hospitalized pediatric patients are, and there are no national benchmark data for IVF use. The American Academy of Pediatrics published a Guideline on maintenance IVF in November 2018, which contains one major recommendation: to use isotonic (having a similar electrolyte concentration to blood plasma) maintenance IVF in medical and surgical patients 28 days to 18 years old without pre-existing serious illnesses.

This project aims to better describe and standardize the use of IVF in inpatient pediatric settings across the U.S. and evaluate the impact of an intervention bundle on maintenance IVF use. This project aims to improve health care value by reducing the number of routine laboratory draws.

In Quality Improvement research, there are three different types of measures - outcome measures, process measures and balancing measures.

In this project, the following will be used as a process measure:

The proportion of daily weight measurements for patients on maintenance IVF.

The following will be used as balancing measures:

1. There will be no increase in the number of floor-to-PICU transfers during hospitalization from baseline.

2. There will be no increase in the number of serum sodium lab results obtained from baseline.

3. There will be no increase in adverse events prompting a change in clinical management from baseline: hypertension or edema requiring a diuretic, hypertension requiring anti-hypertensive medication, and acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT)/dialysis.

Detailed Description

Study Design

All sites will participate in a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial, with 80-120 sites total. This design is helpful when simultaneous implementation of an intervention is not feasible or practical, and allows for each site to collect baseline data for comparison with post-intervention data. There will be 3 groups (or clusters) of approximately 30-40 sites each, with randomization to intervention occurring at 2 month intervals. Randomization will be stratified by: geographic region, size and baseline rate of IVF use.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
106
Inclusion Criteria
  • Age ≥28 days and ≤18 years old at the time of admission
  • Received maintenance IVF (rate greater than 10 ml/h) on hospital day #2 at 12:01 am
Exclusion Criteria
  • ICU (PICU, NICU, CICU, etc.) patients
  • Patients who have never gone home from the hospital
  • Patients with active adrenal, cardiac, hepatic, neurosurgical, chronic renal, heme/onc, biochemical genetic/metabolic illnesses* (*As evidenced by: (1) listing of a condition in these categories in past medical history; and/or (2) active medication related to one of these conditions)
  • Patients with diabetes insipidus, DKA, severe burns
  • Patients on a psychiatric hold/primary behavioral health reason for admission with no needed medical management
  • Patients with voluminous watery diarrhea > 7 days

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
CROSSOVER
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Stepped Wedge Group 1: Sept. 2019 LaunchEducation, clinical decision support toolsInterventions will include: 1. Education (webinars) for physicians and nurses regarding AAP IVF guidelines, including evidence on safety of isotonic maintenance IVF 2. Implementation of algorithms, ordersets and checklists to guide choice of IVF and clinical indications to start/stop IVF; 3. Tools to promote discussion about timing and necessity of routine lab draws 4. Education and feedback for physicians regarding costs and harms of routine lab testing
Stepped Wedge Group 2: Nov. 2019 LaunchEducation, clinical decision support toolsInterventions will include: 1. Education (webinars) for physicians and nurses regarding AAP IVF guidelines, including evidence on safety of isotonic maintenance IVF 2. Implementation of algorithms, ordersets and checklists to guide choice of IVF and clinical indications to start/stop IVF; 3. Tools to promote discussion about timing and necessity of routine lab draws 4. Education and feedback for physicians regarding costs and harms of routine lab testing
Stepped Wedge Group 3: Jan. 2020 LaunchEducation, clinical decision support toolsInterventions will include: 1. Education (webinars) for physicians and nurses regarding AAP IVF guidelines, including evidence on safety of isotonic maintenance IVF 2. Implementation of algorithms, ordersets and checklists to guide choice of IVF and clinical indications to start/stop IVF; 3. Tools to promote discussion about timing and necessity of routine lab draws 4. Education and feedback for physicians regarding costs and harms of routine lab testing
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Routine LabsMonthly reports will be generated each month for each participating site through study completion, approximately 9 months.

Decrease number of serum WBC levels (proxy for routine labs) per hospital day by 20% from baseline by May 2020.

Fluid TonicityMonthly reports will be generated each month for each participating site through study completion, approximately 9 months.

Increase mean proportion of hours per hospital day with exclusive isotonic IVF use to ≥80% by May 2020.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
IVF durationMonthly reports will be generated each month for each participating site through study completion, approximately 9 months.

Decrease proportion of time (hours) on maintenance IVF during hospitalization by 10% from baseline by May 2020.

Trial Locations

Locations (89)

Beacon Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

South Bend, Indiana, United States

The Barbara Bush Children's Hospital at Maine Medical Center

🇺🇸

Portland, Maine, United States

Johns Hopkins Children's Center

🇺🇸

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

University of Mississippi Medical Center Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Jackson, Mississippi, United States

University of Texas Medical Branch- Galveston

🇺🇸

Galveston, Texas, United States

Loma Linda University Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Loma Linda, California, United States

St. Luke's Children's

🇺🇸

Boise, Idaho, United States

Our Lady of the Lake Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States

Beaumont Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Royal Oak, Michigan, United States

Richmond University Medical Center

🇺🇸

Staten Island, New York, United States

Maria Fareri Children's Hospital at Westchester Medical Center

🇺🇸

Valhalla, New York, United States

Children's Hospital at Erlanger

🇺🇸

Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States

Saint Alphonsus Medical Center

🇺🇸

Boise, Idaho, United States

Advocate Children's Hospital - Oak Lawn

🇺🇸

Oak Lawn, Illinois, United States

Children's Medical Center Dallas

🇺🇸

Dallas, Texas, United States

Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago

🇺🇸

Chicago, Illinois, United States

Rush University Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Chicago, Illinois, United States

University of Illinois Hospital

🇺🇸

Chicago, Illinois, United States

Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts Medical Center

🇺🇸

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Children's National Medical Center

🇺🇸

Washington, District of Columbia, United States

Nicklaus Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Miami, Florida, United States

Holtz Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Miami, Florida, United States

Childrens Memorial Hermann Hospital

🇺🇸

Houston, Texas, United States

UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

San Francisco, California, United States

Randall Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Portland, Oregon, United States

Doernbecher Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Portland, Oregon, United States

Advent Health Tampa

🇺🇸

Tampa, Florida, United States

St. Joseph Mercy Hospital

🇺🇸

Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States

C. S. Mott Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States

Community Regional Medical Center

🇺🇸

Fresno, California, United States

UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Los Angeles, California, United States

Phoenix Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Phoenix, Arizona, United States

Harbor - UCLA Medical Center

🇺🇸

Los Angeles, California, United States

Valley Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Madera, California, United States

Stanford HealthCare-ValleyCare

🇺🇸

Pleasanton, California, United States

Valley Presbyterian Hospital

🇺🇸

Van Nuys, California, United States

John Muir Medical Center

🇺🇸

Walnut Creek, California, United States

Nemours A.I. duPont Hospital for Children

🇺🇸

Wilmington, Delaware, United States

Wolfson Children's Hosptial

🇺🇸

Jacksonville, Florida, United States

Sacred Heart Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Pensacola, Florida, United States

Sarasota Memorial Hospital

🇺🇸

Sarasota, Florida, United States

Johns Hopkins All Childrens Hospital

🇺🇸

Saint Petersburg, Florida, United States

Children's Healthcare of Atlanta at Egleston

🇺🇸

Atlanta, Georgia, United States

Children's Hospital of Georgia

🇺🇸

Augusta, Georgia, United States

Beverly Knight Olson Children's Hospital, Navicent Health

🇺🇸

Macon, Georgia, United States

WellStar Kennestone Hospital

🇺🇸

Marietta, Georgia, United States

Maui Memorial Medical Center

🇺🇸

Wailuku, Hawaii, United States

Kootenai Health

🇺🇸

Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, United States

Northwestern Central DuPage Hospital

🇺🇸

Winfield, Illinois, United States

Loyola University Medical Center

🇺🇸

Maywood, Illinois, United States

Northwestern Lake Forest Hospital

🇺🇸

Lake Forest, Illinois, United States

OSF Healthcare Children's Hospital of Illinois

🇺🇸

Peoria, Illinois, United States

Advocate Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Park Ridge, Illinois, United States

Wesley Medical Center/Wesley Childrens Hospital

🇺🇸

Wichita, Kansas, United States

Stormont Vail Health

🇺🇸

Topeka, Kansas, United States

Anne Arundel Medical Center

🇺🇸

Annapolis, Maryland, United States

St. Agnes Hospital

🇺🇸

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Peninsula Regional Medical Center

🇺🇸

Salisbury, Maryland, United States

Frederick Memorial Hospital

🇺🇸

Frederick, Maryland, United States

Sparrow Hospital

🇺🇸

Lansing, Michigan, United States

The Unterberg Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Long Branch, New Jersey, United States

Inspira Medical Center Vineland

🇺🇸

Vineland, New Jersey, United States

Mercy Children's Hospital-St. Louis

🇺🇸

Saint Louis, Missouri, United States

Henry Ford West Bloomfield Hospital

🇺🇸

West Bloomfield, Michigan, United States

Children's Minnesota

🇺🇸

Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States

Shore Medical Center

🇺🇸

Somers Point, New Jersey, United States

Kravis Children's Hospital, The Mount Sinai Hospital

🇺🇸

New York, New York, United States

Vassar Brothers Medical Center

🇺🇸

Poughkeepsie, New York, United States

Akron Childrens Mahoning Valley

🇺🇸

Youngstown, Ohio, United States

St. Clair Hospital

🇺🇸

Mount Lebanon, Pennsylvania, United States

St. Luke's Unversity Health Network

🇺🇸

Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States

El Paso Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

El Paso, Texas, United States

Texas Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Houston, Texas, United States

Covenant Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Lubbock, Texas, United States

Memorial Hermann Community Hospitals

🇺🇸

Sugar Land, Texas, United States

Carilion Children's

🇺🇸

Roanoke, Virginia, United States

The Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters

🇺🇸

Norfolk, Virginia, United States

University of Virginia Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Charlottesville, Virginia, United States

Augusta Medical Center

🇺🇸

Fishersville, Virginia, United States

Mary Washington Hospital

🇺🇸

Fredericksburg, Virginia, United States

Children's Hospital of Wisconsin

🇺🇸

Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States

Central Washington Hospital

🇺🇸

Wenatchee, Washington, United States

Children's Hospital of Wisconsin - Fox Valley

🇺🇸

Neenah, Wisconsin, United States

Blank Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Des Moines, Iowa, United States

University of Kentucky

🇺🇸

Lexington, Kentucky, United States

University of New Mexico Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States

St. Mary's Hospital

🇺🇸

Madison, Wisconsin, United States

American Family Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Madison, Wisconsin, United States

Mary Bridge Children's Hospital

🇺🇸

Tacoma, Washington, United States

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