Gut microbiota in patients with Crohn's disease and their relatives

Completed

Conditions: Topic: Oral and Gastrointestinal
Subtopic: Oral and Gastrointestinal (all Subtopics)
Disease: Gastrointestinal
Digestive System
Crohn's disease

Registration Number: ISRCTN19271131

Lead Sponsor: Barts and The London NHS Trust (UK)

Brief Summary: Not available

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: Completed

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 72

Inclusion Criteria

1. Aged 16 years or older, either sex
2. Diagnosis of Crohn's disease for at least 3 months defined by histology or radiology
3. Quiescent (inactive) disease as defined by a Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) below 150
4. Normal C-reactive protein (CRP) as defined by local laboratory
5. On stable Crohn's disease therapy with a total steroid dose not exceeding 10 mg prednisolone or equivalent
6. Relatives of patients:
6.1. Will be aged between 16 and 35 years
6.2. Will be a first degree relative of a patient as described above. Relatives older than 35 will not be recruited to maximise the chance of including some individuals who will develop Crohn's disease in the future.
7. Healthy controls will comprise age-matched patients with functional constipation or those undergoing polyp surveillance who are scheduled to undergo flexible sigmoidoscopy. A second group of controls who will not undergo sigmoidoscopy will comprise healthy volunteers.

Concomitant medication:
Patients currently taking maintenance oral 5 aminosalicylic acid (5ASA) therapy must have been on a stable dose for 4 weeks prior to study entry, and will be maintained at the same dose for the duration of the study. No rectally administered medications (steroid or 5ASA) are allowed for the two weeks preceding entry to the study. Patients on a stable dose of oral (not exceeding 10 mg) prednisolone or equivalent for 4 weeks prior to baseline are permitted to enter the study. Patients taking azathioprine or 6 mercaptopurine must have commenced the drug at least 16 weeks prior to entry to the study and been maintained on a stable dose for at least 4 weeks prior to entry. No antibiotics, probiotics or prebiotics will be used during the study or for the preceding month. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) will not be permitted for 1 week before entry to the study. The requirement for a normal CRP is to ensure inactive disease.

For participants in study two, no changes in medication will be permitted during the study period. Participants requiring changes to their drug regime will be withdrawn from the study and continue with their usual medical care.

Exclusion Criteria

The principal exclusion criteria are standard for this type of trial in Crohn's disease.

All participants:
1. Current infection with an enteric pathogen
2. Use of antibiotics within the last month
3. Consumption of any probiotic or prebiotic within the last month
4. Change in dose of oral steroids within the last 4 weeks
5. Dose of steroids exceeding 10 mg prednisolone per day or equivalent
6. Change in dose of oral 5 ASA products within the last 4 weeks
7. Commencement of azathioprine or methotrexate within the last 4 months or change in dose of these drugs within the last 4 weeks
8. Infusion of infliximab within the last 3 months
9. Use of any alternative biological therapy within the last 3 months
10. Use of rectal 5 ASA or steroids within the last 2 weeks
11. Imminent need for surgery
12. Participant requiring hospitalisation
13. Pregnancy or lactation
14. Short bowel syndrome and previous proctocolectomy or purely anal Crohn's disease
15. Significant hepatic, renal, endocrine, respiratory, neurological or cardiovascular disease as determined by the principal investigator
16. A history of cancer with a disease-free state of less than 2 years

Patients:
17. Evidence of active Crohn's disease as defined by a CDAI of greater than 150

Relatives:
18. Previously been diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease

Controls:
19. Previously been diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease
20. First or second degree relative with inflammatory bowel disease

Study & Design

Study Type: Observational

Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
1. Study one: significant difference in gut microbiota between relatives of patients with Crohn's disease and healthy controls, measured at baseline<br>2. Study two: significant fall in faecal calprotectin in patients and their relatives following a FOS-enriched diet, measured at 3 weeks.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
1. Study one: significant differences in faecal calprotectin, gut permeability, gut-homing lymphocytes in patients' relatives in comparison to patients with Crohn's disease and healthy controls. The influence of genotype on these measures will also be characterised. Measured at baseline.<br>2. Study two: alterations in gut microbiota, gut-homing lymphocytes and gut permeability after consuming a FOS-enriched diet for 3 weeks in patients and their relatives, measured at 3 weeks