Comparison of Acute Effects of Motor Imagery and Physical Exercise on Tongue Strength and Pain Threshold in Healthy Adults
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Sponsor
- Dokuz Eylul University
- Enrollment
- 30
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Change in Pain Threshold
Study Overview
Brief Summary
Motor imagery is the feeling and thinking that the movement is done by imagination without physically occurring. In addition to its use in various fields, its use in the field of physiotherapy is also increasing. Especially in situations where real movement is difficult or contraindicated, motor visualization is very advantageous when there is no physical contact.
Swallowing function is one of the vital functions that ensure human independence. Like many components in swallowing, tongue muscle is also important. It has been shown that the strength of the tongue decreases with age, disease or other reasons. In the development of the strength of the tongue, while physiological principles are taken as basis, a different procedure from normal procedures is performed. However, language is a part of the body where one can study on his own.
Such situations lead to research on whether language reinforcement can occur with motor imagery. Considering that in addition to long-term effects, acute effects may also affect the functions of individuals, the starting point of the study is formed. Studies have investigated the acute change in tongue strength and pain perception after motor imagery.
The primary aim of this study is compare the acute effects of different motor imagery methods and physical exercise on tongue strength and pain in heatlhy adults.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Crossover
- Primary Purpose
- Treatment
- Masking
- None
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to 65 Years (Adult, Older Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •Participants age between 18-65
- •Symmetrical chewing function, fluent mouth and tongue movements
Exclusion Criteria
- •Participants with systemic, cardiorespiratuar, central nerve system and romatologic diseases or musculoskeletal pain or craniocervical pathology
- •A history of orofacial pain or temporomandibular diseases.
- •Over-reacting for touching or tooth-pain
- •Pregnancy or possibility of pregnancy
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Change in Pain Threshold
Time Frame: The outcome will be assessed at baseline and immediately after intervention.
Pain threshold will be measured with an algometer. The areas to be measured in this study were determined as masseter muscle (2.5 cm in front of the tragus, 1.5 cm below) and temporalis (3 cm above the lateral edge of the eye). Measurements from each region will be made 3 times at 30 second intervals and the average of the measurements will be included for analysis. During the measurement, the algometer will be held perpendicular to the skin. Measurement is terminated at the first value at which discomfort is felt. Measurements from each region will be made 3 times at 30 second intervals and the average of the measurements will be included for analysis. The change in pain threshold will be used as a measurement tool to determine how the intervention is affecting the pain threshold. Higher values in the pain threshold indicate that the person is more susceptible to pain.
Change in Tongue Strength
Time Frame: The outcome will be assessed at baseline and immediately after intervention.
Tongue strength will be measured by the tongue pressure measuring device. The measurement will be in the form of placing a bulb filled with air and designed to transmit pressure, just behind the anterior teeth, on the hard palate, and the tongue compresses this bulb and transmits the pressure to the device. People will be asked to lift their tongue and press the bulbous for about three seconds. 3 measurements will be made in front and back of the tongue separately. In the anterior tongue evaluation, the bulb is placed in the palate just behind the teeth, and in the posterior tongue evaluation, the bulb is placed in the hard palate. It has been shown that it is valid and safe to measure the strength of the front and back regions of the tongue by this method.Measurements are recorded in kPa. The value of change in tongue strength expresses the effect of intervention on tongue strength. Higher kPa values mean strong tongue. Increasing in change implies that more force is being generated.
Secondary Outcomes
- Mental Chronometer Time Ratio for Writing Task(At baseline)
- Mental Chronometer Time Ratio for Tongue Movement Task(At baseline)
- Change in Perceived Exertion(The outcome will be assessed at baseline and immediately after intervention.)
- Movement Imagery Questionnaire-Revised(At baseline)
- Mental Chronometer Time Ratio for Jaw Movement Task(At baseline)
Investigators
Turhan Kahraman
Principal Investigator
Dokuz Eylul University