The Effectiveness of a Tobacco Cessation Intervention Program Among Patients With Diabetes at Penang Hospital: a Randomised Controlled Trial

The intervention protocol

Study Design and Study Population

This study is a randomized controlled trial involving diabetic patients who smoke tobacco, attending the diabetes clinic at Penang General Hospital in Malaysia. The prevalence of smoking among patients with diabetes will be measured by reviewing the patient who visit the Endocrine department within three months. The minimum sample size needed for calculating the prevalence estimated by using the equation below:

(Lwanga, S. K. and Lemeshow, S., 1991; Daniel, W. W., 1999; Cochran, W., 1977) n=(z^2 p (1-p))/d^2

Where n = the sample size; Z = the statistic for the 95% level of confidence used in the power analyses, which was 1.96; p = the expected prevalence or the proportion used, which was 0.5; and d = the precision used, which was 0.05. The estimated minimum sample size for the prevalence is 348 patients. One thousand one hundred eighteen medical records reviewed to find out the prevalence of smoking among the diabetic patients at the diabetes department in Penang General Hospital. Among those 1118 diabetic patients there were 108 smoking diabetic patients, depending on that; the prevalence of smoking among patients with diabetes will be 9.66%.