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Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Combined With Intraocular Lens Exchange: Sequential Versus Combined Surgery

Not Applicable
Conditions
Pseudophakic Bullous Keratopathy
Anterior Chamber Intraocular Lens
Interventions
Procedure: Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty DMEK
Procedure: IOL exchange
Procedure: iridoplasty
Procedure: Inferior peripheral iridectomy
Registration Number
NCT04344522
Lead Sponsor
Alexandria University
Brief Summary

Surgical treatment of corneal endothelial decompensation in the presence of an anterior chamber intraocular lens (AC IOL) is technically challenging. The ultimate management is to perform Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). However , unfolding the DMEK graft in the presence of an AC IOL can be difficult and injurious to the graft so the investigators recommend exchanging the AC IOL with a posterior chamber IOL first. In this study , the investigators aim to compare the outcome and complications of performing DMEK and IOL exchange as combined one stage surgery versus .sequential 2 stage procedure

Detailed Description

Pseudophakic Bullous keratopathy is the second leading indication for endothelial keratoplasty. One of the main controversies in the management of PBK in the presence of an AC IOl is whether to retain the IOL or perform an IOL exchange with a PC IOL. The investigators believe that retention of an AC IOL can be hazardous to the DMEK graft due to reduced depth of the anterior chamber and traumatic touch between the graft and the IOL during graft unfolding and even postoperatively. On the other hand , performing an IOL exchange is relatively time consuming and requires excess manipulation of the iris tissue with the risk of intraoperative hyphema and postoperative inflammation which can affect the endothelial graft survival and cell count.

Aim of the study : to compare the outcome and complications between performing intraocular lens (IOL) exchange and Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) as single stage versus two stage procedure in the management of pseudophakic bullous keratopathy associated with anterior chamber IOL.

Methods :

The study will be a prospective randomized controlled trial. Eligible subjects with pseudophakic bullous keratopathy and AC IOL will be assigned into two groups each comprising 10 eyes. One group will undergo AC IOL exchange with posterior chamber (PC) IOL ( Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) lens or iris claw lens if there is no adequate capsular support) combined with DMEK in the same setting. The other group will undergo 2 stage procedure ; first one is IOL exchange , iridoplasty (if required) and inferior peripheral iridectomy and the second stage is DMEK one month later.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
20
Inclusion Criteria
  1. Patients having pseudophakic bullous keratopathy associated with an anterior chamber intraocular lens.
  2. Age above 18 years old.
Exclusion Criteria
  1. Patients with corneal stromal scarring .
  2. Patients who had prior glaucoma drainage devices implantation. 3 Patient with non-repairable loss in the iris tissue.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
SEQUENTIAL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
combined single stage procedureInferior peripheral iridectomyIn this arm, both IOL exchange and DMEK will be performed in the same setting
sequential 2 stage procedureiridoplastyIn this arm , the procedure will be performed in two stages ; the first stage will include performing IOL exchange together with iridoplasty ( if required) and inferior peripheral iridectomy (PI) and the second stage is performing DMEK one month later
sequential 2 stage procedureDescemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty DMEKIn this arm , the procedure will be performed in two stages ; the first stage will include performing IOL exchange together with iridoplasty ( if required) and inferior peripheral iridectomy (PI) and the second stage is performing DMEK one month later
sequential 2 stage procedureIOL exchangeIn this arm , the procedure will be performed in two stages ; the first stage will include performing IOL exchange together with iridoplasty ( if required) and inferior peripheral iridectomy (PI) and the second stage is performing DMEK one month later
sequential 2 stage procedureInferior peripheral iridectomyIn this arm , the procedure will be performed in two stages ; the first stage will include performing IOL exchange together with iridoplasty ( if required) and inferior peripheral iridectomy (PI) and the second stage is performing DMEK one month later
combined single stage procedureDescemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty DMEKIn this arm, both IOL exchange and DMEK will be performed in the same setting
combined single stage procedureIOL exchangeIn this arm, both IOL exchange and DMEK will be performed in the same setting
combined single stage procedureiridoplastyIn this arm, both IOL exchange and DMEK will be performed in the same setting
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Best spectacle corrected visual acuity3 months

best spectacle corrected visual acuity using the decimal system

Postoperative AC inflammatory reactions1 month postoperatively

postoperative AC inflammatory reactions including cell and flare will be determined by slit lamp examination under high magnification:

AC cells will be graded according to the Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) group grading system as following :

Grade 0 : 5 or less cells in 1\*1mm slit beam Grade 1 : 6- 15 cells in 1\*1mm slit beam Grade II : 16-25 cells in 1\*1mm slit beam Grade III : 26-50 cells in 1\*1mm slit beam grade IV : more than 50 cells in 1\*1mm slit beam .

AC flare will be graded according to the SUN grading system :

Grade 0 : none Grade I : faint Grade II : moderate ( iris and lens details still seen ) Grade III : Marked ( iris and lens details hazy) Grade IV : intense ( fixed and plastic aqueous ).

postoperative hyphema and and intraocular pressure spikes1month postoperatively

Any postoperative hyphema and anterior chamber inflammatory reactions will determined by slit lamp examination:

Hyphema if found will be graded into :

1. Microscopic hyphema : circulating red blood cells in the AC

2. Grade I : less than one third the AC

3. Grade II: one third to one half the AC

4. Grade III: more than one half the AC but not total

5. Grade IV : total hyphema. and intraocular pressure spikes will detected using the Goldmann applanation tonometer to measure the intraocular pressure in mmHg

postoperative endothelial cell loss in percentage3 months

The postoperative endothelial cell count will be determined in cell/mm2 using the Konan Cellchek specular microscope (Konan Medical , Irvine, California , USA) at 3 months and compared to the preoperative endothelial cell count of the donor graft to calculate the percentage of endothelial cell loss

Postoperative intraocular pressure spikes1 month postoperatively

postoperative intracular pressure will be measured by Goldmann Applanation Tonometer in mmHg

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Spherical equivalent3 months postoperatively

spherical equivalent will be determined using the autorefractometer in diopters

Keratometric values3 months

Keratometric values will be determined in Diopters using Autorefractometer/Keratometer , the difference between the steep and flat keratometric values will determine the corneal astigamtism in diopters

central corneal thickness3 months postoperatively

central corneal thickness will be determined in micrometer using the Konan Cellchek specular microscope (Konan Medical , Irvine, California , USA)

graft detachment1 week postoperatively

The occurrence of postoperative graft detachment will be determined by slit lamp examination . The incidence of graft detachment will be determined in each group .

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Faculty of Medicine

🇪🇬

Alexandria, Egypt

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