Desensitization in Kidney Transplantation

Phase 4

Completed

Conditions: HLA Sensitization

Interventions: Drug: plasmapheresis
Drug: Bortezomib
Drug: Rituximab
Drug: Methylprednisolone

Registration Number: NCT00908583

Lead Sponsor: University of Cincinnati

Brief Summary: To determine if deletional strategies will provide effective desensitization.

Detailed Description: A prospective iterative trial of proteasome inhibitor (PI)-based therapy for reducing HLAantibody (Ab) levels was conducted in five phases differing in bortezomib dosing density and plasmapheresis timing. Phases included 1 or 2 bortezomib cycles (1.3mg/m2,6-8 doses), one rituximab dose and plasmapheresis. HLA Abs were measured by solid phase and flow cytometry (FCM) assays. Immunodominant Ab (iAb) was defined as highest HLA Ab level. Forty-four patients received 52 desensitization courses (7 patients enrolled in multiple phases): Phase 1 (n=20), Phase 2 (n=12), Phase 3 (n=10), Phase 4 (n=5), Phase 5 (n=5).

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 44

Inclusion Criteria

Age between 18 and 65
Voluntary written informed consent
Patient on deceased donor wait list with a current or peak cytotoxic or calculated panel reactive antibody (PRA) > 20%

Exclusion Criteria

Myocardial infarction within 6 months
Patient received investigational drug within 14 days prior to initiation of study treatment
Serious medical or psychological illness
Diagnosed with malignancy within three years, except complete research of basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma of skin, an insitu malignancy or low risk prostate cancer after curative therapy
Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) < 1000
Receipt of live vaccine within 4 weeks of study entry
Female subject that is breast feeding

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Phase 2, two stages	plasmapheresis	Patients will receive 1 dose of rituximab, 4 doses of bortezomib and plasmapheresis. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day -7. Patients will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered on days 1, 4, 8, and 11. For those patients who go on to Stage 2 of desensitization, bortezomib will be administered via IV push over 3-5 seconds during the pre-transplant period on days 32, 35, 39, 42. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.
Phase 4, single stage	plasmapheresis	Patients will receive 1 dose of rituximab and 6 doses of bortezomib. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day -7. Patients will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered during the pre-transplant period on days 1, 4, 8, and 11, 14, and 17. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.
Phase 1, two stages	plasmapheresis	Patients will receive 1 dose of rituximab, 4 doses of bortezomib and plasmapheresis. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day 32. Patients will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered on days 1, 4, 8, and 11. For those patients who go on to Stage 2 of desensitization, bortezomib will be administered via IV push over 3-5 seconds during the pre-transplant period on days 32, 35, 39, 42. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.
Phase 3, two stages	plasmapheresis	Patients will receive 1 dose of rituximab and 4 doses of bortezomib. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day -7. Patients will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered on days 1, 4, 8, and 11. For those patients who go on to Stage 2 of desensitization, bortezomib will be administered via IV push over 3-5 seconds during the pre-transplant period on days 23, 26, 30 and 33. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.
Phase 5, single stage	plasmapheresis	Phase 5 evaluated even greater bortezomib dosing density by eliminating the inter-cycle dosing interval. Phase 5 evaluated eight consecutive doses of bortezomib with one dose of rituximab. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day -7. Patient will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered on days 1, 4, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20, and 23. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.
Phase 1, two stages	Bortezomib	Patients will receive 1 dose of rituximab, 4 doses of bortezomib and plasmapheresis. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day 32. Patients will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered on days 1, 4, 8, and 11. For those patients who go on to Stage 2 of desensitization, bortezomib will be administered via IV push over 3-5 seconds during the pre-transplant period on days 32, 35, 39, 42. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.
Phase 1, two stages	Rituximab	Patients will receive 1 dose of rituximab, 4 doses of bortezomib and plasmapheresis. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day 32. Patients will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered on days 1, 4, 8, and 11. For those patients who go on to Stage 2 of desensitization, bortezomib will be administered via IV push over 3-5 seconds during the pre-transplant period on days 32, 35, 39, 42. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.
Phase 2, two stages	Bortezomib	Patients will receive 1 dose of rituximab, 4 doses of bortezomib and plasmapheresis. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day -7. Patients will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered on days 1, 4, 8, and 11. For those patients who go on to Stage 2 of desensitization, bortezomib will be administered via IV push over 3-5 seconds during the pre-transplant period on days 32, 35, 39, 42. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.
Phase 2, two stages	Rituximab	Patients will receive 1 dose of rituximab, 4 doses of bortezomib and plasmapheresis. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day -7. Patients will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered on days 1, 4, 8, and 11. For those patients who go on to Stage 2 of desensitization, bortezomib will be administered via IV push over 3-5 seconds during the pre-transplant period on days 32, 35, 39, 42. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.
Phase 3, two stages	Rituximab	Patients will receive 1 dose of rituximab and 4 doses of bortezomib. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day -7. Patients will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered on days 1, 4, 8, and 11. For those patients who go on to Stage 2 of desensitization, bortezomib will be administered via IV push over 3-5 seconds during the pre-transplant period on days 23, 26, 30 and 33. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.
Phase 3, two stages	Bortezomib	Patients will receive 1 dose of rituximab and 4 doses of bortezomib. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day -7. Patients will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered on days 1, 4, 8, and 11. For those patients who go on to Stage 2 of desensitization, bortezomib will be administered via IV push over 3-5 seconds during the pre-transplant period on days 23, 26, 30 and 33. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.
Phase 2, two stages	Methylprednisolone	Patients will receive 1 dose of rituximab, 4 doses of bortezomib and plasmapheresis. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day -7. Patients will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered on days 1, 4, 8, and 11. For those patients who go on to Stage 2 of desensitization, bortezomib will be administered via IV push over 3-5 seconds during the pre-transplant period on days 32, 35, 39, 42. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.
Phase 3, two stages	Methylprednisolone	Patients will receive 1 dose of rituximab and 4 doses of bortezomib. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day -7. Patients will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered on days 1, 4, 8, and 11. For those patients who go on to Stage 2 of desensitization, bortezomib will be administered via IV push over 3-5 seconds during the pre-transplant period on days 23, 26, 30 and 33. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.
Phase 4, single stage	Bortezomib	Patients will receive 1 dose of rituximab and 6 doses of bortezomib. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day -7. Patients will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered during the pre-transplant period on days 1, 4, 8, and 11, 14, and 17. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.
Phase 4, single stage	Rituximab	Patients will receive 1 dose of rituximab and 6 doses of bortezomib. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day -7. Patients will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered during the pre-transplant period on days 1, 4, 8, and 11, 14, and 17. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.
Phase 4, single stage	Methylprednisolone	Patients will receive 1 dose of rituximab and 6 doses of bortezomib. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day -7. Patients will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered during the pre-transplant period on days 1, 4, 8, and 11, 14, and 17. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.
Phase 5, single stage	Bortezomib	Phase 5 evaluated even greater bortezomib dosing density by eliminating the inter-cycle dosing interval. Phase 5 evaluated eight consecutive doses of bortezomib with one dose of rituximab. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day -7. Patient will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered on days 1, 4, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20, and 23. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.
Phase 5, single stage	Rituximab	Phase 5 evaluated even greater bortezomib dosing density by eliminating the inter-cycle dosing interval. Phase 5 evaluated eight consecutive doses of bortezomib with one dose of rituximab. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day -7. Patient will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered on days 1, 4, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20, and 23. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.
Phase 1, two stages	Methylprednisolone	Patients will receive 1 dose of rituximab, 4 doses of bortezomib and plasmapheresis. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day 32. Patients will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered on days 1, 4, 8, and 11. For those patients who go on to Stage 2 of desensitization, bortezomib will be administered via IV push over 3-5 seconds during the pre-transplant period on days 32, 35, 39, 42. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.
Phase 5, single stage	Methylprednisolone	Phase 5 evaluated even greater bortezomib dosing density by eliminating the inter-cycle dosing interval. Phase 5 evaluated eight consecutive doses of bortezomib with one dose of rituximab. Rituximab will be given at a dose of 375 mg/m2 on day -7. Patient will receive 1.3 mg/m2 of bortezomib via intravenous push (IVP) over 3-5 seconds. Bortezomib will be administered on days 1, 4, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20, and 23. Methylprednisolone will be administered within 30 minutes of each bortezomib administration in both stages of desensitization. With the first and second doses, administer methylprednisolone 100mg via IV push. With the third and fourth doses, administer methylprednisolone 50mg IVP.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Number of Living Donor Transplant Candidates That Are Transplanted	1 year post baseline	Number of living donor transplant candidates who convert to a negative flow T- and B-cell crossmatch via desensitization and are subsequently transplanted

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Acute Rejection Rate	6 months post transplant	Acute rejection rate at 6 months of all desensitized and transplanted patients
Overall Safety of Bortezomib	Study Day 62	Incidence of grade 3 and above non-hematologic toxicities. Incidence of grade 4 hematologic toxicities. Incidence of all grades of peripheral neuropathy. Incidence of Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Polyomavirus Allograft Nephropathy (PVN), and Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder (PTLD).
Number of Patients Whose Cytotoxic Panel Reactive Antibody (PRA) is Decreased by 50%	46 days	Number of patients on the waiting list whose cytotoxic PRA is decreased by 50%.