A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HEMODYNAMIC RESPONSES TO LARYNGOSCOPY AND ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION FOLLOWING INDUCTION WITH PROPOFOL VERSUS ETOMIDATE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING MAJOR ABDOMINAL SURGERIES.

Most of the surgical procedures are carried out in stage 3 of general anaesthesia, i.e., stage of surgical anaesthesia Induction of GA is a critical step as during this phase, the patients are susceptible to sudden hemodynamic instability. Presently, the most common way of inducing anaesthesia is the use of intravenous anaesthetic agents.   Propofol, etomidate, ketamine, thiopentone and midazolam are namely a few agents used for induction. Propofol is the most commonly used drug for induction of GA at present times. It has gained popularity due to some of its favourable properties like – short half-life which causes rapid elimination of drug from circulation, it further leads to good post anaesthesia recovery, anti-emetic properties that causes less incidence of post operative nausea vomiting. However, hemodynamic instabilities like hypotension, cardiovascular instability, and profound respiratory depression (in higher doses) are the major unfavourable effects of this drug. Etomidate, on the other hand as an inducing agent is found to have minimal or no effects on cardio-respiratory system, as seen on previous studies. However, pain on injection, thrombophlebitis and incidence of myoclonus are some of the adverse effects of this drug. Though etomidate fell out of use in the past due to its major adverse effect of causing adrenocortical suppression, but it regained its popularity as a safe anaesthetic inducing agent, more particularly in critically ill patients who are hemodynamically unstable. Considering the common use of propofol and etomidate as inducing agents, this study is taken up for comparing the effects of these two drugs on hemodynamics of the patient undergoing major abdominal surgeries under GA. References

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