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Microbiota Restoration Therapy for Recurrent Clostridium Difficile Infection

Phase 2
Completed
Conditions
Enterocolitis Clostridium Difficile Recurrent
Interventions
Biological: RBX2660 (microbiota suspension)
Other: Placebo
Registration Number
NCT02299570
Lead Sponsor
Rebiotix Inc.
Brief Summary

This is the first prospective, multi-center, double-blinded, randomized controlled study of a microbiota suspension derived from intestinal microbes. Patients who have had at least two recurrences of C. difficile infection (CDI) after a primary episode and have completed at least two rounds of standard-of-care oral antibiotic therapy or have had at least two episodes of severe CDI resulting in hospitalization may be eligible for the study. Patients whose CDI returns in less than 8 weeks after the last assigned study treatment may be eligible to receive up to 2 treatments with RBX2660 in the open-label portion of the study.

Detailed Description

This is the first prospective, multi-center, double-blinded, randomized controlled study of a microbiota suspension derived from intestinal microbes. The primary assessments for this study are (i) efficacy of RBX2660 compared to placebo at 8 weeks and (ii) safety via assessment of adverse events. Study visits are at 1-, 4- and 8-weeks after treatment with additional follow-up at 3, 6 12 and 24 months post treatment. Patients who have had at least two recurrences of C. difficile infection (CDI) after a primary episode and have completed at least two rounds of standard-of-care oral antibiotic therapy or have had at least two episodes of severe CDI resulting in hospitalization may be eligible for the study. Patients whose CDI returns in less than 8 weeks after the last assigned study treatment may be eligible to receive up to 2 treatments with RBX2660 in the open-label portion of the study.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
150
Inclusion Criteria
  • ≥ 18 years
  • Medical record documentation of recurrent CDI either: a) at least two recurrences after a primary episode and has completed at least two rounds of standard-of-care oral antibiotic therapy or b) has had at least two episodes of severe CDI resulting in hospitalization.
  • Documented history that the subject's recurrent CDI is controlled while on antibiotics even if the subject is not currently on antibiotics.
  • A positive stool test for the presence of C. difficile within 60 days prior to enrollment.
Exclusion Criteria
  • A known history of continued C. difficile diarrhea while taking on a course of antibiotics prescribed for CDI treatment.
  • Requires antibiotic therapy for a condition other than recurrent CDI.
  • Previous fecal transplant prior to study enrollment.
  • History of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), e.g., ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, or microscopic colitis.
  • History of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
  • History of chronic diarrhea.
  • History of celiac disease.
  • Colostomy.
  • Planned surgery requiring perioperative antibiotics within 6 months of study enrollment.
  • Life expectancy of < 12 months.
  • Compromised immune system.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
CROSSOVER
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Group CPlacebo1 enema of RBX2660 (microbiota suspension) and 1 enema of placebo administered 7 days apart
Group BPlaceboTwo enemas of placebo administered 7 days apart
Group ARBX2660 (microbiota suspension)Two enemas of RBX2660 (microbiota suspension) administered 7 days apart
Group CRBX2660 (microbiota suspension)1 enema of RBX2660 (microbiota suspension) and 1 enema of placebo administered 7 days apart
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Treatment Success of Group A (2 Doses of RBX2660) vs Group B (2 Doses of Placebo) (ITT)8 weeks after last assigned study treatment

The primary endpoint is to evaluate treatment success, defined as the absence of CDAD without the need for retreatment with C. difficile anti-infective therapy or fecal transplant (FT) at 56 days after administration of the last assigned study enema, of Group A (two enemas of RBX2660) vs. Group B (two enemas of placebo).

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Time to CDAD Recurrence After Completion of the Assigned Study Treatment for Group C vs. Group B (ITT)8-weeks

Time to CDI Recurrence was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier Analysis and expressed by percentage of subjects who were recurrence free at a certain time point (every 7 days) from completion of the last blinded enema.

Time to CDAD Recurrence After Completion of the Assigned Study Treatment for Group A vs. Group C (ITT)8-weeks

Time to CDI Recurrence was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier Analysis and expressed by percentage of subjects who were recurrence free at a certain time point (every 7 days) from completion of the last blinded enema.

Treatment Success Between Group C (1 Enema of RBX2660 and 1 Enema of Placebo) vs Group B (Two Enemas of Placebo) (ITT)8-weeks

Treatment Success was defined as the absence of CDAD without the need for retreatment with C. difficile anti-infective therapy or fecal transplant (FT) at 56 days after administration of the last assigned study enema

SF-36 Scores Obtained at the 1-week, 4-week, and 8-week Assessments Visits During the Double-blind Period as Compared to Baseline (ITT)8-week

The validated SF-36 scale was used to identify changes to quality of life (QoL) following study treatment. Each component is analyzed on a norm-based scoring (0-100) with a higher score representing an improvement in QoL.

Treatment Success Evaluated Between Group A (Two Enemas of RBX2660) Versus Group C (1 Enema of RBX2660 and 1 Enema of Placebo) (ITT)8-weeks

Treatment success, defined as the absence of CDAD without the need for retreatment with C. difficile anti-infective therapy or fecal transplant (FT) at 56 days after administration of the last assigned study enema.

Time to CDAD Recurrence After Completion of the Assigned Study Treatment for Group A vs. Group B (ITT)8-weeks

Time to CDI Recurrence was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier Analysis and expressed by percentage of subjects who were recurrence free at a certain time point (every 7 days) from completion of the last blinded enema.

Trial Locations

Locations (21)

Regions Hospital

🇺🇸

Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States

Sanford Health

🇺🇸

Fargo, North Dakota, United States

University of Colorado

🇺🇸

Aurora, Colorado, United States

Borland-Groover Clinic

🇺🇸

Jacksonville, Florida, United States

Loyola University Chicago

🇺🇸

Chicago, Illinois, United States

University of Chicago

🇺🇸

Chicago, Illinois, United States

Infectious Diseases of Indiana

🇺🇸

Indianapolis, Indiana, United States

Chevy Chase Clinical Research

🇺🇸

Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States

Mayo Clinic Minnesota

🇺🇸

Rochester, Minnesota, United States

Washington University School of Medicine

🇺🇸

Saint Louis, Missouri, United States

New York Hospital Queens

🇺🇸

Flushing, New York, United States

New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical College

🇺🇸

New York, New York, United States

Gastroenterology Group of Rochester

🇺🇸

Rochester, New York, United States

Regional Infectious Diseases and Infusion Center

🇺🇸

Lima, Ohio, United States

Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania

🇺🇸

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

St. Joseph's Hospital

🇨🇦

Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Grand Teton Research Group

🇺🇸

Idaho Falls, Idaho, United States

University of British Columbia

🇨🇦

Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Mayo Clinic Arizona

🇺🇸

Phoenix, Arizona, United States

Henry Ford Health System

🇺🇸

Detroit, Michigan, United States

Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center

🇺🇸

Cleveland, Ohio, United States

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