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Safety of and Immune Response to a Dengue Virus Vaccine (rDEN4delta30-200,201) in Healthy Adults

Phase 1
Completed
Conditions
Dengue Fever
Interventions
Biological: rDEN4delta30-200,201
Biological: Placebo
Registration Number
NCT00270699
Lead Sponsor
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Brief Summary

Dengue fever, which is caused by dengue viruses, is a major health problem in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The purpose of this study is to test the safety of and immune response to a new dengue virus vaccine in healthy adults.

Detailed Description

Dengue viruses cause dengue fever and the more severe dengue hemorrhagic fever/shock syndrome. More than 2 billion people living in tropical and subtropical regions of the world are at risk of dengue virus infection, which is the leading cause of hospitalization and death in children in several tropical Asian countries. This study will evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a live attenuated dengue virus vaccine called rDEN4delta30-200,201. This vaccine is derived from rDEN4delta30, another dengue virus vaccine candidate that has been shown to be safe and immunogenic in Phase I and II trials in healthy adults.

This study will last 180 days. There will be three cohorts in this dose de-escalation study. Participants in Cohort 1 will be randomly assigned to receive the highest dose of rDEN4delta30-200,201 or placebo at study entry. Cohort 2 will begin only after safety review of all participants in Cohort 1. Participants in Cohort 2 will receive a lower dose of rDEN4delta30-200,201 or placebo. Cohort 3 will begin only after safety review of all participants in Cohort 2. Participants in Cohort 3 will receive the lowest dose of rDEN4delta30-200,201 or placebo.

After vaccination, participants will be asked to monitor their temperatures every day for 16 days. Study visits will occur every other day after vaccination until Day 16, followed by four additional visits at selected days through Day 180. Blood collection, vital signs measurement, and a targeted physical exam will occur at each study visit. Some participants will be asked to undergo a skin biopsy or additional blood collection at selected visits.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
56
Inclusion Criteria
  • Willing to be followed for the duration of the study
  • Willing to use acceptable methods of contraception
  • Good general health
Exclusion Criteria
  • Clinically significant neurologic, heart, lung, liver, rheumatologic, autoimmune, or kidney disease
  • Behavioral, cognitive, or psychiatric disease that, in the opinion of the investigator, may affect the ability of the volunteer to understand and cooperate with the study
  • Laboratory abnormalities at study screening
  • Alcohol or drug abuse within 12 months prior to study entry
  • History of severe allergic reaction or anaphylaxis
  • Emergency room visit or hospitalization for severe asthma within 6 months prior to study entry
  • HIV-1 infected
  • Hepatitis C virus infected
  • Hepatitis B surface antigen positive
  • Known immunodeficiency syndrome
  • Use of corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs within 30 days prior to study entry. Participants who have used topical or nasal corticosteroids are not excluded.
  • Live vaccine within 4 weeks prior to study entry
  • Killed vaccine within 2 weeks prior to study entry
  • Blood products within 6 months prior to study entry
  • Previously received a licensed or experimental yellow fever or dengue vaccine
  • Surgical removal of spleen
  • History of dengue virus infection or other flavivirus infection (e.g., yellow fever virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus)
  • Other condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would affect the participant's participation in the study
  • Plan to travel to an area where dengue infection is common
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
1rDEN4delta30-200,201One subcutaneous vaccination with rDEN4delta30-200,201 vaccine (10\^5 PFU dose) into the deltoid region of either arm.
3rDEN4delta30-200,201One subcutaneous vaccination with rDEN4delta30-200,201 vaccine (10\^1 PFU dose) into the deltoid region of either arm. This arm will enroll after Arms 1 and 2.
4PlaceboOne subcutaneous vaccination with placebo into the deltoid region of either arm.
2rDEN4delta30-200,201One subcutaneous vaccination with rDEN4delta30-200,201 vaccine (10\^3 PFU dose) into the deltoid region of either arm. This arm will enroll after Arm 1.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Frequency of vaccine-related adverse events, as classified by intensity and severity through active and passive surveillance and separate assessments of systemic and local reactionsThroughout study
Determine the number of vaccinees who have seroconverted to DEN4 up to and including Day 42At 42 days
Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Durability of antibody responses to DEN4 virusAt 180 days
Number of vaccinees infected with vaccine virus in each dose cohortThroughout study
Frequency, quantity, and duration of viremia in each dose cohortThoughout study
Duration of antibody response determined by serum neutralizing antibodyAt 180 days
Determine cellular targets of vaccine infection in participants willing to undergo skin biopsyThroughout study
Evaluate immunopathological mechanism of vaccine-associated rash in participants willing to undergo skin biopsyThroughout study
Compare infectivity rates, safety, and immunogenicity between dose cohortsAt study completion

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Center for Immunization Research, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health

🇺🇸

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

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