The Effect of Mid-Morning Gel Snacks on Subjective Appetite, Glycemic and Insulin Responses, and Food Intake in Healthy Adults
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 23
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Subjective Appetite
研究概览
简要总结
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mid-morning gel snacks on subjective appetite, glucose and insulin responses, and food intake in healthy weight young adults.
详细描述
23 (14 male, 9 female) healthy, non-smoking human subjects aged 18-30 years with a body mass index (BMI) between 20 and 24.9 were recruited in the experiment. Five gel snacks including a control snack and four modified snacks containing whey protein, oats, coconut oil or maltodextrin were tested. On six separate mornings, at least 3 days apart and after a 12 hours overnight fast, each participant consumed a standardized breakfast of cereal, milk, and orange juice at home, then arrived in the lab 2 hours after breakfast to receive one of the five test snack treatments or skip snack. Subjective appetite by a 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) was measured at baseline (0 min) and after each treatment up to 2 h (15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min). Blood glucose and insulin concentrations were measured via finger-prick at the same time VAS measurements were taken. Food intake was measured via ad libitum pizza lunch.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 主要目的
- Prevention
- 盲法
- Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
盲法说明
Coded snacks in shaded tetrapaks were provided to participants
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 30 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •be between 18 and 30 years of age
- •be healthy, non-smoking and not be taking any medications, including birth control
- •body mass index (BMI) between 20 and 24.9
排除标准
- •fasting plasma glucose >5.5 mmol/L
- •health problems including previously diagnosed diabetes, known or uncertain pregnancy status at screening, gastrointestinal disease, liver or kidney disease
- •major medical or surgical event within the past 6 months
- •current or recent dieting
- •breakfast skipping
- •receiving any medications
- •menstrual irregularities
- •food sensitivities, allergies, intolerances, or dietary restrictions to foods including: cereal, orange juice, dairy, oat, coconut oil, honey, apple, pineapple, strawberry, and pear
- •behavioural or emotional problems
- •alcohol consumption >7 beverages/week
结局指标
主要结局
Subjective Appetite
时间窗: Change from baseline over 120 minutes
Participants completed subjective ratings on appetite (e.g., desire to eat, hunger, fullness, prospective food consumption) and well-being at baseline (0 min), 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min after snack consumption, as well as immediately following lunch.
次要结局
- Food Intake(30 min)
- Blood Insulin Response(Change from baseline over 120 minutes)
- Blood Glucose Response(Change from baseline over 120 minutes)
研究者
Nick Bellissimo
PhD
Toronto Metropolitan University