Recruitment Messages for Current Smokers Recently Diagnosed With Cancer

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Health Behavior; Tobacco Smoking
• Interventions: Behavioral: Control; Behavioral: Proximal; Behavioral: Distal; Behavioral: Benefit; Behavioral: Cost; Behavioral: Gain; Behavioral: Loss

• Registration Number: NCT05471284
• Lead Sponsor: University of Oklahoma

Brief Summary

The objective of this study was to conduct a pilot factorial randomized trial to identify the message frames that are most effective in promoting participation in a tobacco treatment trial for current smokers recently diagnosed with cancer. To do so, we used a multimethod approach to evaluate 3 different message frames across evaluation, effectiveness, and outcome measures. We combine findings from a message design experiment with textual analytic software to provide a holistic understanding of how message frames may or may not differentially affect tobacco treatment trial participation within the context of a cancer diagnosis.

Detailed Description

Background: A cancer diagnosis can catalyze motivation to quit smoking. Tobacco treatment trials offer cessation resources but have low accrual rates. Digital outreach may improve accrual, but knowledge of how best to recruit smokers with recent diagnoses is limited.

Objective: This study aims to identify the message frames that were most effective in promoting intent to talk to a physician about participating in a tobacco treatment trial for smokers recently diagnosed with cancer.

Methods: From February to April 2019, current smokers diagnosed within the past 24 months were recruited from a national web-based panel for a multimethod pilot randomized trial (N=99). Participants were randomized to a 2×3 plus control factorial design that tested 3 unique message frames: proximal versus distal threats of smoking, costs of continued smoking versus benefits of quitting, and gains of participating versus losses of not participating in a tobacco treatment trial.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2019-02-11
• Primary Completion: 2019-04-01
• Study Completion: 2019-04-02
• Status Verified: 2022-07
• Study First Submitted: 2022-07-13
• Study First Submitted QC: 2022-07-20
• Last Update Submitted: 2022-07-20
• Study First Posted: 2022-07-22
• Last Update Posted: 2022-07-22

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 99

Inclusion Criteria

• Speak and understand English
• A recent cancer diagnosis (within the past 24 months)
• 18 years or older
• Report any cigarette use within the past 30 days

Exclusion Criteria

• Do not speak or understand English
• Have not been diagnosed with cancer within the past 24 months
• Below the age of 18
• Does not report any cigarette use within the past 30 days

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: FACTORIAL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Control	Control	The control condition was a kernel message that included study information present in all conditions but did not include any of the message factors.
Proximal x Benefit x Loss	Proximal	Message frame: proximal threats of smoking, benefits of quitting, and loss of not participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Distal x Benefit x Loss	Distal	Message frame: distal threats of smoking, benefits of quitting, and loss of not participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Distal x Benefit x Loss	Benefit	Message frame: distal threats of smoking, benefits of quitting, and loss of not participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Proximal x Cost x Loss	Proximal	Message frame: proximal threats of smoking, cost of continued smoking, and loss of not participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Proximal x Cost x Gain	Gain	Message frame: proximal threats of smoking, cost of continued smoking, and gain of participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Proximal x Cost x Loss	Cost	Message frame: proximal threats of smoking, cost of continued smoking, and loss of not participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Proximal x Cost x Gain	Cost	Message frame: proximal threats of smoking, cost of continued smoking, and gain of participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Proximal x Benefit x Loss	Benefit	Message frame: proximal threats of smoking, benefits of quitting, and loss of not participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Proximal x Cost x Gain	Proximal	Message frame: proximal threats of smoking, cost of continued smoking, and gain of participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Proximal x Benefit x Gain	Gain	Message frame: proximal threats of smoking, benefits of quitting, and gain of participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Distal x Cost x Gain	Gain	Message frame: distal threats of smoking, cost of continued smoking, and gain of participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Distal x Cost x Loss	Distal	Message frame: distal threats of smoking, cost of continued smoking, and loss of not participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Distal x Cost x Loss	Cost	Message frame: distal threats of smoking, cost of continued smoking, and loss of not participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Proximal x Cost x Loss	Loss	Message frame: proximal threats of smoking, cost of continued smoking, and loss of not participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Proximal x Benefit x Gain	Proximal	Message frame: proximal threats of smoking, benefits of quitting, and gain of participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Proximal x Benefit x Gain	Benefit	Message frame: proximal threats of smoking, benefits of quitting, and gain of participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Proximal x Benefit x Loss	Loss	Message frame: proximal threats of smoking, benefits of quitting, and loss of not participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Distal x Cost x Gain	Distal	Message frame: distal threats of smoking, cost of continued smoking, and gain of participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Distal x Benefit x Gain	Gain	Message frame: distal threats of smoking, benefits of quitting, and gain of participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Distal x Cost x Gain	Cost	Message frame: distal threats of smoking, cost of continued smoking, and gain of participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Distal x Cost x Loss	Loss	Message frame: distal threats of smoking, cost of continued smoking, and loss of not participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Distal x Benefit x Loss	Loss	Message frame: distal threats of smoking, benefits of quitting, and loss of not participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Distal x Benefit x Gain	Distal	Message frame: distal threats of smoking, benefits of quitting, and gain of participating in a tobacco treatment trial.
Distal x Benefit x Gain	Benefit	Message frame: distal threats of smoking, benefits of quitting, and gain of participating in a tobacco treatment trial.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Difference in intent to talk to a physician about participating in a smoking cessation study between factors.	Within 30 minutes	The main effect within each message factor level was examined using ANOVA and compared with the control condition.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Predictors of intent to talk to a physician about participating in a smoking cessation study.	Within 30 minutes	Other message evaluation and effectiveness measures were collected and explored in a multivariable model predicting intent to talk to a physician.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Jordan Neil; 🇺🇸 Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States