Effects of a Resistance Training Program Based on Blood Flow Restriction Training for People Over 45 Years of Age With Multiple Sclerosis on Muscle Strength and Functionality.
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 94
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Disability Status
研究概览
简要总结
To analyze the effects of a resistance training program based on the blood flow restriction modality on muscle strengthening and functionality in people over 45 years of age with multiple sclerosis (MS).
详细描述
This research corresponds to an experimental study, a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial, where a total of blood flow (n = X) 12 weeks; and the control group (n= X) that will only receive general recommendations about the benefits of physical exercise. The variables will be measured for both groups with the same validated tools and the same researcher to avoid information bias and differential misclassification. The evaluations will be carried out at the beginning of the intervention and immediately after the end of this period, and the results will be noted in a data record that will later be unified in an Excel database, registering a code for each participant to maintain condition. of privacy, but at the same time allow the required comparability.
For the independent variables, sociodemographic characteristics, clinical history and the socio-familial assessment scale will be addressed; For their part, the result variables are divided by areas: those focused on the health status of patients with MS will measure the level of disability through the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), the impact of MS through the Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale 29 (MSIS-29) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) with the Short Form-36 (SF-36). For the physical condition variables, the Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction (MVIC) will be used with a dynamometer to measure general muscle strength and grip strength, as well as the Sit to Stand-5 repetitions (STS-5) and the Sit to Stand-5 repetitions (STS-5). 30 seconds (STS-30) to evaluate lower limb strength. For the functional variables, the impact on walking is evaluated using the Timed 25-Foot Walking Test (T25FWT); gait speed with the 10-Meters Walk Test (10-MWT) and Timed Up and Go (TUG); while walking endurance will be measured with the 6-Minute Walk Test (6-MWT). For its part, postural stability and balance from the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). To evaluate the level of physical activity, Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire scores (GLTEQ) will be used. The questionnaire to determine fatigue will be the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and the one in charge of measuring cognitive function will be the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). On the other hand, in the psychological variables, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) will be applied for anxiety and depression and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) for the stress level. Finally, to measure sleep quality, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) will be used. All variables will have pre and post intervention measurements. As a result, a training program with blood flow restriction is expected to improve the health status, muscle strength, functionality and psychological domains of middle-aged patients (> 45 years) with MS, thus contributing to the comprehensive approach of this population. Once the intervention is completed, the final evaluation will be carried out and, based on the comparative process, define whether there are significant differences with respect to the results initially obtained.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Triple (Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 45 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Male and female users over 45 years of age, who voluntarily agree to participate in the study, who are able to understand the instructions and exercise protocols of this project.
排除标准
- •People with contraindications for performing physical tests or exercise. Users with a diagnosis of pathologies such as cancer, pulmonary hypertension and kidney failure, population with a diagnosis of heart disease or heart failure, population with a diagnosis and/or under psychiatric management, with neurological or cognitive alterations will be excluded. Population diagnosed with Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection or disease (HIV/AIDS). Population that does not agree to participate in the study or who, at the time of entering the program, have denied the endorsement of the use of their data for research in the informed consent.
结局指标
主要结局
Disability Status
时间窗: Up to twelve weeks
Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Method to quantify disability in multiple sclerosis and monitor changes in the level of disability over time. It is widely used in clinical trials and in the evaluation of people with MS. The EDSS scale ranges from 0 to 10 units with 0.5 point increments representing higher levels of disability. The first levels 1.0 to 4.5 refer to people with a high degree of ambulatory capacity and the later levels 5.0 to 9.5 refer to the loss of ambulatory capacity.
Multiple Sclerosis Impact
时间窗: Up to twelve weeks
Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale 29 (MSIS-29). It is a 29-item, condition-specific self-report questionnaire to measure the impact of MS on people's lives. It has two subscales: a 20-item physical impact scale and a 9-item psychological impact scale. It is currently in its second version, which has four-point response categories for each item: "not at all," "a little," "moderately," and "extremely." The physical impact scale can range from 20 to 80 and the psychological impact scale from 9 to 36, with lower scores indicating little impact of MS and higher scores indicating greater impact.
Balance and gait
时间窗: Up to twelve weeks
Tinetti. Completion time: 8-10 minutes. While walking behind the patient, the evaluator asks them to respond to the questions from the gait subscale. To answer the balance subscale, the interviewer stands next to the patient. A higher score indicates better functioning. The maximum score for the gait subscale is 12, and for the balance subscale, it is 16. The sum of both scores is used to assess the risk of falls. A higher score indicates a lower risk. A score of less than 19 signifies a high risk of falls.
Fatigue
时间窗: Up to twelve weeks
Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). One of the most widely used self-report tools to assess fatigue. It is made up of nine elements (1 to 7). The average score of the nine items is used as the total score of the FSS. A higher score indicates greater severity of fatigue. MID ranges from 0.5 to 1.2 for FSS total score.
Gait impact
时间窗: Up to twelve weeks
Timed 25-Foot Walking Test (T25FWT). It consists of measuring the time required to travel a distance of 25 feet (7.5 meters). A time below 6 seconds means a functional gait, between 6 and 7.99 seconds means moderate gait dysfunction and 8 seconds or more means gait dysfunction.
Anxiety and depression
时间窗: Up to twelve weeks
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). This scale consists of 14 items with 4 response alternatives ranging from 0 to 3 for a total of 0 to 21 points. It has 2 subscales and the score is obtained by adding the scores of each item that make it up, the interpretation criteria being the following: Range of normality (0-7), Possible case of anxiety or depression (8-10) and Case of anxiety or depression (11-21).
Executive functions
时间窗: Up to twelve weeks
The Trail Making Test (TMT) will be used for the assessment of executive function and specifically measures timed visual and motor tasks. This test is divided into two parts: part A (TMT-A) is responsible for evaluating psychomotor attention and speed and consists of connecting consecutively numbered circles; and Part B (TMT-B), which is based on connecting alternating circles of letters and numbers and measures executive function. A longer time spent completing the test is interpreted as worse performance.
Short Form-36 (SF-36).
时间窗: Up to twelve weeks
It is the most used scale for the general evaluation of health-related quality of life and consists of 36 items that are grouped into eight subscales or domains: (i) physical functioning (ten items); (ii) physical role (four items); (iii) body pain (two items); (iv) general health (five articles); (v) vitality (four items); (vi) social functioning (two items); (vii) emotional role (three items); and (viii) mental health (five items). The SF-36 also provides summary assessment for the physical and mental components (PCS and MCS, respectively). Higher scores reveal better overall HRQoL.
Muscle strength
时间窗: Up to twelve weeks
Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction (MVIC) with the use of a dynamometer, a standardized method to measure muscle strength in patients with neuromuscular diseases5. Sit to Stand-5 repetitions (STS-5) along with Sit to Stand-30 seconds (STS-30) for MMII strength. In these tests, the patient must get up from a chair and measure the time it takes to perform 5 repetitions or quantify the number of repetitions that the patient is able to perform in 30 seconds6,7. For STS-5 the cut-off point is set at 9.4 sec. for those under 60 years of age; 11.4 sec. between 60 to 69 years old; 12.6 sec. 70 to 79 years and 14.9 sec. between 80 to 89 years, below these values there would be muscle dysfunction8. In the STS-30, scores lower than 8 repetitions imply muscle dysfunction.
Walking speed
时间窗: Up to twelve weeks
10-Meters Walk Test (10-MWT) and Timed Up and Go (TUG). 10-MWT is used to measure walking speed and consists of measuring the time taken to travel 10 meters of distance11. The cut-off point is set by the walking speed in m/s, so there is no gait limitation if the speed is \<0.40 m/s; moderate limitation if 0.40 to \<0.80 m/s; and gait limitation ≥0.80 m/s12. On the other hand, the TUG consists of measuring the time it takes for the person to get up from a chair, walk 3 meters at their usual pace, turn around, return to the chair and sit down. 2 attempts are made and the best time is chosen. It is considered low risk of falling if the time is \< 10 seconds, slight risk of falling if the time is between 10-20 seconds, and high risk of falling if the time is \> 20 seconds.
Physical fitness
时间窗: Up to twelve weeks
Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ). This questionnaire consists of 3 items divided according to the intensity of the exercises performed. For each item, a score is added based on the participant's response. The scores of the items will be added, considering that the physical activity carried out is Intense ≥ 24 units, Moderate ≥14 and ≤23 units and Light \< 14 units.
Sleep quality
时间窗: Up to twelve weeks
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The PSQI consists of 19 self-assessment questions or items and 5 more to be completed by the person with whom the participant shares a bed or room (although the latter is only used to provide clinical information). These items generate a total score and 7 components or domains: sleep quality; sleep latency; sleep duration; sleep efficiency; sleep disorders; use of sleeping medications; daytime dysfunction. The PSQI total score ranges from 0 to 21, with a higher score indicating poorer sleep quality.
Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54
时间窗: Up to twelve weeks
There is no single overall score for the MSQOL-54. Two summary scores - physical health and mental health - can be derived from a weighted combination of scale scores. In addition, there are 12 subscales: physical function, role limitations-physical, role limitations-emotional, pain, emotional well-being, energy, health perceptions, social function, cognitive function, health distress, overall quality of life, and sexual function. There are also two single-item measures: satisfaction with sexual function and change in health.
Walking endurance
时间窗: Up to twelve weeks
6-Minute Walk Test (6-MWT). Test commonly used for the objective evaluation of functional exercise capacity. The patient is asked to walk (minimum in a 30 meter hallway) for a period of 6 minutes, with the primary outcome measure being the distance walked in 6 minutes measured in meters. In general, normal ranges are between 400-700 meters, with a value below 400 meters being an indicator of low aerobic capacity and good above 700 meters.
次要结局
- Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT)(Up to twelve weeks)
- Stoicism(Up to twelve weeks)
- MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment)(Up to twelve weeks)
- Chair sit and reach test(Up to twelve weeks)
- Back scratch test(Up to twelve weeks)
- Hand coordination(Up to twelve weeks)
- Stress level(Up to twelve weeks)
- Isaacs Test.(Up to twelve weeks)
- Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)(Up to twelve weeks)
研究者
Agustín Aibar Almazán
Principal investigator
University of Jaén