Comparison of Circadian Variability of Bioelectrical Signals between Non-Hemodialysis Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 3 to 5 and Healthy Subjects: Prospective, Exploratory, and Observations

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: Recruiting

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 16

Inclusion Criteria

1) Aged from 20 to 69
2) Body mass index (BMI) ranged from 18.0 to 25 kg/m2
3) Healthy control group: glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is greater than 90 ml/min/1.73m2
4) Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patient group: GFR is less than 60 ml/min/1.73m2
5) Subjects or legal surrogates who signed an informed consent after the full explanation for the purpose of the study.

Exclusion Criteria

1) Common
? Thyroid/endocrine system disorder or history of endocrine disease
? Cardiovascular disease(heart failure, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction)
? History of malignant neoplasm or express complication due to maligant neoplasm (possible if no relapse for the past 5 years)
? Severe liver disease, blood disease, respiration disease, disease of digestive system, and brain disease.
? Pregnancy, nursing mother, or having the history of any contraceptives.
? Mental disorder: depression, anxiety neurosis, schizophrenia, eating disorder, continuous drug use.
? Drug or alcohol abuse.
? Equipped pace maker or any electric device transplants.
? Involving vigorous-intensity activity or exercise more than an hour within a week.
? Deformity or neoplasm on the tongue
? Sensitive reaction to the general laboratory tests.
? Current smoker.
? Refusal to the informed contents.
? Regarded as inappropriate subjects by means of the discretion of the principal or research investigators.

2) Healthy control
? Hypertension (systolic blood pressure is greater than 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure is greater than 90 mmHg).
? Fasting blood glucose (FBG) is greater than 140 mg/dl or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.

3) CKD patients group
? History of hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis from the past one years before obtaining the informed content.
? Patients who scheduled to get the kidney transplant operation or peritoneal dialysis within 24 weeks after obtaining the informed consent.

Study & Design

Study Type: Observational Study

Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Total resistance measured at 5/50/250 kHz

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
InBody S-10 measures;Skin resistance measuring device 1 (DDFA) measures;Skin resistance measuring device 2 (Rebon Skin Check: RSC) measures;Upper-arm edema characteristic measures;laboratory test measures