Short-term Effects of Juice Consumption With Biofunctional Compounds and Probiotics on Subjective Appetite
- Conditions
- Subjective Appetite
- Interventions
- Behavioral: Orange juice with vitamin D3, n-3 fatty acids, and probiotics as preload
- Registration Number
- NCT05928741
- Lead Sponsor
- Agricultural University of Athens
- Brief Summary
This study investigated the short-term effects of fruit juice enriched with vitamin D3, n-3 fatty acids, and probiotics on subjective appetite, energy intake, and glycemic responses, in both normal-weight and overweight, healthy adults.
- Detailed Description
This study aimed to 1. Assess the subjective appetite of participants after the consumption of fruit juice (100% orange) enriched with vitamin D3, n-3 fatty acids, and probiotics compared to regular fruit juice (without any fortification), and 2. Examine the short-term effects of enriched fruit juice compared to regular fruit juice on glycemic responses and blood pressure, in both normal-weight and overweight healthy adults
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 50
- Healthy Non-diabetic men and women Body mass index between 18.5 and 29.9 kg/m2
- Severe chronic disease (i.e., cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, kidney or liver conditions, endocrine conditions)
- Gastrointestinal disorders
- Pregnancy
- Lactation
- Competitive sports
- Alcohol abuse
- Drug dependency
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- CROSSOVER
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Orange juice with vitamin D3, n-3 fatty acids, and probiotics as preload Orange juice with vitamin D3, n-3 fatty acids, and probiotics as preload Twenty-three healthy adults with normal weight and twenty-three healthy adults with overweight consumed a standardized breakfast after a 12-hour fast. Two hours later they were given 50 g of available carbohydrates from the two preloads (enriched orange juice or control orange juice) in a random order, and 3 hours after the preload they were offered an ad libitum lunch. Foods were weighed at the time of serving and any leftovers were weighed again after lunch to determine the amount of food consumed. There was a washout period of at least one week between the two visits. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were collected at baseline and at several time points after food intake. Visual analog scales (VAS) of 100 mm were collected to assess subjective appetite. Blood pressure was measured at several time-points. Control orange juice without vitamin D3, n-3 fatty acids, and probiotics as preload Orange juice with vitamin D3, n-3 fatty acids, and probiotics as preload Twenty-three healthy adults with normal weight and twenty-three healthy adults with overweight consumed a standardized breakfast after a 12-hour fast. Two hours later they were given 50 g of available carbohydrates from the two preloads (enriched orange juice or control orange juice) in a random order, and 3 hours after the preload they were offered an ad libitum lunch. Foods were weighed at the time of serving and any leftovers were weighed again after lunch to determine the amount of food consumed. There was a washout period of at least one week between the two visits. Fingertip capillary blood glucose samples were collected at baseline and at several time points after food intake. Visual analog scales (VAS) of 100 mm were collected to assess subjective appetite. Blood pressure was measured at several time-points.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Subjective appetite rating 7 hours Useful change in subjective appetite using visual analogue scales (VAS). Participants rated their hunger, desire to eat, perceived fullness, thirst, preoccupation with food, pleasure of eating the consumed test food, and thirst, after eating on a horizontal line VAS, with a line length of 100 mm and width of 3 desktop publishing points, that was black, had flat line endpoints, had an ascending numerical order of scale endpoints \[i.e., "0" and "10", for example neither hungry (0 mm), full (100 mm) or have desire for food in the middle (50 mm)\], and used "0" and "100" as numerical anchors below the left and right endpoints, respectively.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Energy intake after preload and the next 24 hours 24 hours Clinically significant difference in energy intake (ad libitum lunch) two hours after the two different preloads consumption, as well as the next 24 hours after the intervention (actual weighing of foods consumed and leftovers, and 24-hour recall).
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Agricultural University of Athens
🇬🇷Athens, Attica, Greece