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Comparison of Lifestyle Markers Between Women With and Without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Completed
Conditions
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Dietary Habits
Physical Activity
Registration Number
NCT01859663
Lead Sponsor
Cornell University
Brief Summary

The purpose of the study is to identify lifestyle factors associated with PCOS and understand how diet and activity levels impact features of PCOS. The secondary aim is to examine psychosocial factors (e.g., health beliefs) of women with PCOS.

Detailed Description

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that affects 6-12% of reproductive-aged women within the general population. Currently, there is limited knowledge on the current lifestyles of women with PCOS and the psychosocial factors associated with PCOS.

The researchers plan to examine potential lifestyle differences and psychosocial factors between PCOS and healthy women. The Research Team is also interested in the relationships between biological markers and lifestyle endpoints in women with and without PCOS. Previous literature has shown there are biological marker differences between those with and without PCOS. By examining these relationships, researchers may further understand whether PCOS status is associated with lifestyle parameters.

To accomplish these objectives, 360 women (120 women with PCOS, 120 women without PCOS and with normal menstrual cycles, and 120 women without PCOS and with irregular menstrual cycles) will be included in this study. An equal number of lean and overweight/obese women will be recruited within each group based on body mass index (BMI; Lean = 18 - 24 kg/m2 and overweight/obese ≥ 25 kg/m2). Women will be included in the PCOS group if they have a confirmed PCOS diagnosis from their primary care provider. Participants will complete a food frequency questionnaire, a sleep questionnaire, and a physical activity questionnaire. A researcher may also provide participants with a waist-worn accelerometer to monitor physical activity and a wrist-worn accelerometer to monitor sleep for a week. Ultrasound scans of the ovaries will be assessed and the following metabolic parameters will be assessed: (1) 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test; (2) dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan; (3) vitals and anthropometry assessment to measure waist and hip circumference, height, weight, blood pressure, and heart rate; (4) fasting blood tests to detect androgens (i.e., total testosterone, androstenedione, free androgen index); and (5) an (optional) subcutaneous fat biopsy. Women with and without PCOS will also be asked to complete a questionnaire that will assess the psychosocial factors (e.g., health beliefs). This can be conducted online, in person, or through phone.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
Female
Target Recruitment
126
Inclusion Criteria
  • Between 18 and 48 years
  • BMI ≥ 18 kg/m2
  • If ≥ 21 years old, must have completed a pelvic exam in the past 2 years
  • In PCOS if: Confirmed PCOS diagnosis from their primary care provider
Exclusion Criteria
  • Use of oral contraceptives, fertility medications, or any drugs known to influence reproductive function
  • Pregnant or breastfeeding

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Differences in diet between women with and without PCOS1 week

A food frequency questionnaire will be administered to assess diet composition for the last three months.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Menstrual Cycle Length1 day

Average menstrual cycle length as determined by self-reported history will be determined and compared across groups

Body Mass Index1 day

The ratio of weight to height will be determined and compared across groups.

Waist-to-Hip Ratio1 day

The ratio of waist circumference to hip circumference will be determined and compared across groups

Ovarian Volume1 day

The size of each ovary will be determined using ultrasonography for each participant during study participation and compared between groups.

Body fat distribution1 day

Percentage and distribution of fat and lean mass as assessed using DXA technology will be compared between groups.

Differences in sleep patterns between women with and without PCOS6 consecutive nights

A wrist-worn accelerometer will be administered to assess sleep patterns for 6 consecutive nights.

Differences in exercise between women with and without PCOS1 week

An accelerometer will be administered to assess physical activity for 1 week.

Differences in psychosocial factors (e.g., health beliefs) of women with and without PCOS1-2 weeks

A questionnaire will be administered to assess psychosocial factors of women with PCOS.

Insulin Sensitivity1 day

Insulin sensitivity will be determined by administration of an oral glucose tolerance test and compared between groups.

Serum progesterone concentration1 day

The serum progesterone concentration will be determined during study participation, assessed in association with luteal dynamics and compared between groups.

Blood pressure1 day

Blood pressure will be determined and compared between groups.

LH-FSH ratio1 day

The ratio of circulating LH to FSH concentrations in the serum will be determined for each participant and compared across groups

Hirsutism Score1 day

Degree of hirsutism as judged by the Ferriman-Gallwey scale will be determined and compared across groups

Degree of hirsutism as judged by the Ferriman-Gallwey scale will be determined and compared across groups

Androgen concentrations1 day

Total testosterone, androstenedione and free androgen index concentrations in serum will be determined and compared across groups.

Subcutaneous fat biopsy (optional)1 day

Subcutaneous fat cells, which represent important sites of reproductive hormone synthesis, will be assessed and compared across groups

Serum markers of metabolic syndrome1 day

Lipids, glucose and HbA1C concentrations will be determined and compared between groups.

Trial Locations

Locations (3)

Strong Fertility Center

🇺🇸

Rochester, New York, United States

CRC at University of Rochester Medical Center

🇺🇸

Rochester, New York, United States

Human Metabolic Research Unit, Cornell University

🇺🇸

Ithaca, New York, United States

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