The Effect of Inflammation and Damage to Lymph Node Structures on Durable Protective Immunity Following Yellow Fever Vaccination

Phase 1

Active, not recruiting

• Conditions: Yellow Fever
• Interventions: Biological: Yellow Fever Vaccine

• Registration Number: NCT04269265
• Lead Sponsor: University of Minnesota

Brief Summary

Hypothesis: Infections other than HIV can cause LN inflammation and collagen damage to the fibroblastic reticular cell network (FRCn), which will lead to CD4 T cell depletion and impaired vaccine responses. This protocol will study yellow fever vaccine (YFV) in two cohorts of people, one from Uganda and the other from Minnesota where we collect lymphoid tissues (LT) and peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs) before and after vaccination using a new technique to catalog infectious burden of the individual, determine the relationship between IA, Infections, and immune response.

Detailed Description

The primary aim of this study is to determine the difference between antibody titers in the two study groups and study the relationship between endemic infections, IA, the FRCn, and CD4 and CD8 T cell subsets and the magnitude and durability of neutralizing antibody response to YFV in a cohort shown to have elevated IA, a damaged FRCn, and pan T cell depletion and a cohort that does not. This is a single arm, open-label, two cohort study of healthy adults in Kampala, Uganda and in Minnesota, USA. The cohort in Uganda will be 30 adults (15 men and 15 women) and the cohort in Minnesota will be 16 adults (8 men and 8 women). Everyone will be screened to ensure there are no contraindications to receiving YFV (e.g., immunosuppression) or the planned procedures. The inclusion and exclusion criteria are discussed in detail in the protocol that is included in the appendix. Participants will have an inguinal lymph node and adjacent adipose tissue biopsy and leukapheresis prior to YFV and again 3 weeks after the vaccine administration. The vaccine will be given in the contralateral thigh from the first LN biopsy so that the second biopsy will be from a draining LN. PBMC and plasma as well as urine and stool will be collected at regular intervals over the 18-month follow-up period and leukapheresis will be done again at the month 18 visit.

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2020-02-11
• Study First Submitted QC: 2020-02-11
• Study First Posted: 2020-02-13
• Study Start: 2020-07-01
• Status Verified: 2024-08
• Last Update Submitted: 2024-08-23
• Last Update Posted: 2024-08-26
• Primary Completion: 2025-06-30
• Study Completion: 2025-06-30

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 43

Inclusion Criteria

• No contraindication to Yellow Fever vaccine (immunosuppressed for any reason or on an immunosuppressive drug where a live virus vaccine is contraindicated).
• If female of childbearing age must agree to contraception for one month following administration of the vaccination.

Exclusion Criteria

• History of yellow fever or previous vaccination for yellow fever
• Known bleeding disorder
• Prior surgery complicated by clotting abnormality
• Psychiatric or behavioral disorder that, in the opinion of the investigator, will make it difficult for the participant to complete the study
• History of acute hypersensitivity reaction to any component of the vaccine (including gelatin, eggs, egg products, or chicken protein).
• Thymus disorder associated with abnormal immune function
• Immunosuppression from any of the following: HIV infection or AIDS, malignant neoplasms, primary immunodeficiencies, transplantation, transplantation, immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory therapy (corticosteroids, alkylating agents, antimetabolites, TNF inhibitors, IL-1 blocking agents, monoclonal antibodies targeting immune cells), previous radiation therapy.
• Pregnant or breastfeeding at the time of vaccination.
• Planning to conceive within 28 days of enrollment and vaccination with the yellow fever vaccine.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
All Participants	Yellow Fever Vaccine	In this single-arm study, all participants will receive the intervention

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Peak Neutralizing Antibody Titer	18 months	Peak titer of neutralizing antibody to yellow fever vaccination. Outcome reported as Log YF Antibody titer.

Trial Locations

Locations (2)

University of Minnesota; 🇺🇸 Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States

Joint Clinical Research Centre; 🇺🇬 Kampala, Uganda