Microbiological profile of surgical site infections following surgical procedures in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology- a descriptive observational study

Surgical site infection is defined as an infection occurring within 30 days after a surgical operation and affecting either incision er deep tissues at the operation site. These infections may be a superficial or deep incisional infection or infections

atvolving organ or body space. The need for the study is

1. Postoperative SSI is among the most common problems for patients who undergo surgical procedures. It is associated with increased morbidity,

mortality, prolonged hospital stay, secondary infertilay and increased economic costs for patient care

2. The incidence of pestoperative SSI varies widely between procedure, hospitals, surgeons, patients and geographical incations. There has been advance in SS1 control practices which include improved operating soom ventilation, sterilization methods, use of barriers, surgical techniques and availability of antimicrobial prophylaxis. Despite these, SSla still occur.

3. This is partly contributed by the emergence of antimicrobial resistant pathogenic hacteria. Reported risk factors for surgical site infection include emergency caesarean section, prolonged labour prior to caesarean section, prolonged rupture of membranes, multiple vaginal examinations, and prolonged abstracted labour Other factors are inadequate skills or poor technique of the surgeon, prolonged operating time, prolonged obstructed labour, postoperative anemia, high body mass index, diabetes mellitus, inanunosuppressive disorders and certain

modications like steroids.

Potential sources of infection idemified inchade anfihered an, amseptic

solutions, transporting of patients, surgical seam, over-crowding in theatre, theatre gowns, inadequately sterilised equipment, contaminated environment and grously contaminated surfaces.

Complications of SS1s include prolonged wound healing, wound dehiscence, wound pain, burst abdomen, necrotizing fasciitis and pelvic abscess. Others prolonged admission, a prolonged course of antibiotics, the possibility of re admission, secondary nepair surgery, incisional bernis, disfiguring scar, and in rare condition can lead to severe sepsis and mortality.

6. Surgical site infections also affects the physical, emotional, social and economic aspects of life