Comparison the effect of the intravenous ketamine versus lidocaine in decreasing severity of pain in opioid addicted patients undergoing orthopedic surgeries.
Phase 4
- Conditions
- Acute pain.Acute Pain
- Registration Number
- IRCT2016070211662N10
- Lead Sponsor
- Vice-Chancellery of Research and Technology
- Brief Summary
Not available
- Detailed Description
Not available
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- Complete
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 144
Inclusion Criteria
The eligible participants were all opioid dependent patients aging 20-50 years who were candidate for orthopedic bone surgery under general anesthesia.
Exclusion criteria: patients having the history of cardiovascular disorders; seizure disorder; psychiatric disorder; renal or hepatic dysfunction;taking illicit medications; hypersensitivity to local anesthetic drugs; other anesthetic method and ASA class more than III .
Exclusion Criteria
Not provided
Study & Design
- Study Type
- interventional
- Study Design
- Not specified
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Postoperative analgesia. Timepoint: Every 15 min after patients will become awake in post anesthesia care unit (PACU). During the first 24 h postoperative analgesia will be evaluated every 2 hr for 8 hr then every 4 hr till 24 hr. Method of measurement: By using Numerical Rating Pain Score (0= No pain,..10= the most severe pain that could imagine).
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Sedation. Timepoint: every 15 minute in PACU (post anesthesia care unit ). Method of measurement: By using sedation scale: 0 = Restless , 1 = Calm, 2 = Sleepy, 3 = Drowsy with response to verbal stimuli , 4 = Drowsy without response to verbal stimuli, 5 = Without response to painfull stimuli.;Patients satisfaction. Timepoint: Every 4 hr during first 24 hr post operation. Method of measurement: Patients satisfaction score : 0 = Completely unsatisfied 1 = Unsatisfied 2 = Neutral 3 = Satisfied 4 = Completely satisfied.;Postoperative nausea and vomiting. Timepoint: Every 4 hr during first 24 hr post operation. Method of measurement: By using 3-point scale: 0 = no nausea, vomiting, 1 = nausea only, and 2 = retching or/and vomiting.;Repiratory depression. Timepoint: Every 4 hr during first 24 hr post operation. Method of measurement: Difined as repiratory rate < 8/min.