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Imipenem/Cilastatin/Relebactam (MK-7655A) Versus Piperacillin/Tazobactam in Participants With Hospital-Acquired or Ventilator-Associated Bacterial Pneumonia (MK-7655A-016)

Phase 3
Completed
Conditions
Hospital-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia
Ventilator-Associated Bacterial Pneumonia
Interventions
Drug: IMI/REL FDC
Drug: PIP/TAZ FDC
Registration Number
NCT03583333
Lead Sponsor
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
Brief Summary

This study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of a FDC of imipenem/cilastatin (IMI) and relebactam (REL) \[IMI/REL, MK-7655A\] compared to piperacillin/tazobactam (PIP/TAZ) in the treatment of adults diagnosed with Hospital-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia (HABP) or Ventilator-Associated Bacterial Pneumonia (VABP). The primary hypothesis is that IMI/REL is non-inferior to PIP/TAZ as measured by the incidence rate of all-cause mortality through Day 28 post-randomization.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
274
Inclusion Criteria
  • Requires treatment with IV antibiotic therapy for HABP or VABP
  • Fulfills clinical and radiographic criteria within 48 hours prior to randomization, with onset of criteria occurring after more than 2 days of hospitalization or within 7 days after discharge from a hospital for HABP; or at least 2 days after mechanical ventilation (for VABP)
  • Has an adequate baseline (at or within 2 days of screening) lower respiratory tract specimen obtained for Gram stain and culture
  • Has an infection known or thought to be, in the opinion of the investigator, caused by microorganisms susceptible to the IV study therapy
  • Agrees to allow any bacterial isolates obtained from protocol-required specimens related to the current infection to be provided to the Central Microbiology Reference Laboratory for study-related microbiological testing and long-term storage
  • Males agree to use contraception as detailed in protocol from the time of providing informed consent through completion of the study and refrain from donating sperm during this period
  • Females are not pregnant, not breastfeeding, and are either: a.) Not a woman of childbearing potential (WOCBP) OR b.) A WOCBP who agrees to follow the contraceptive guidance from the time of providing informed consent through completion of the study
  • If a penicillin skin test is required by local clinical practice, the participant must have a negative skin test result for allergy to penicillin
Exclusion Criteria
  • Has a baseline lower respiratory tract specimen Gram stain that shows the presence of Gram-positive cocci only
  • Has confirmed or suspected community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP)
  • Has confirmed or suspected pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, or Legionella, or of viral, fungal, or parasitic etiology
  • Has HABP/VABP caused by an obstructive process, including lung cancer (or other malignancy metastatic to the lungs resulting in pulmonary obstruction) or other known obstruction
  • Has a carcinoid tumor or carcinoid syndrome
  • Has active immunosuppression
  • Is expected to die during the 7- to 14-day treatment period, despite adequate antibiotic therapy
  • Has a concurrent condition or infection that, in the investigator's judgment, would preclude evaluation of therapeutic response
  • Has a history of serious allergy, hypersensitivity, or any serious reaction to any β-lactams or β-lactamase inhibitors
  • Has a history of a seizure disorder which has required ongoing treatment with anticonvulsive therapy or prior treatment with anti-convulsive therapy within the last 3 years
  • Is currently undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis
  • A WOCBP who has a positive urine pregnancy test at screening
  • Has received effective antibacterial drug therapy with known coverage of pathogens that cause HABP/VABP for a continuous duration of more than 48 hours during the previous 72 hours
  • Is anticipated to be treated with any of the prohibited medications during the course of study therapy
  • Is currently participating in, or has participated in, any other clinical study involving the administration of investigational or experimental medication (not licensed by regulatory agencies) at the time of the presentation or during the previous 90 days prior to screening or is anticipated to participate in such a clinical study during the course of this trial
  • Has previously participated in this study at any time

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
IMI/REL FDCIMI/REL FDCImipenem/cilastatin/relebactam (IMI/REL) administered intravenously (IV) as a fixed-dose combination (FDC) at a dosage of 500 mg IMI/250 mg REL, once every 6 hours for a minimum 7 days, up to 14 days. At the start of IMI/REL treatment, participants will be treated empirically with 600 mg open-label linezolid administered IV every 12 hours until methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is ruled out. Participants with confirmed MRSA infection will continue to receive 600 mg linezolid every 12 hours for a minimum of 7 days, up to 14 days total.
IMI/REL FDCLinezolidImipenem/cilastatin/relebactam (IMI/REL) administered intravenously (IV) as a fixed-dose combination (FDC) at a dosage of 500 mg IMI/250 mg REL, once every 6 hours for a minimum 7 days, up to 14 days. At the start of IMI/REL treatment, participants will be treated empirically with 600 mg open-label linezolid administered IV every 12 hours until methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is ruled out. Participants with confirmed MRSA infection will continue to receive 600 mg linezolid every 12 hours for a minimum of 7 days, up to 14 days total.
PIP/TAZ FDCPIP/TAZ FDCPiperacillin/tazobactam (PIP/TAZ ) administered IV as a FDC at a dosage of 4000 mg PIP/500 mg TAZ once every 6 hours for a minimum 7 days, up to 14 days. At the start of PIP/TAZ treatment, participants will be treated empirically with 600 mg open-label linezolid administered IV every 12 hours until methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is ruled out. Participants with confirmed MRSA infection will continue to receive 600 mg linezolid every 12 hours for a minimum of 7 days, up to 14 days total.
PIP/TAZ FDCLinezolidPiperacillin/tazobactam (PIP/TAZ ) administered IV as a FDC at a dosage of 4000 mg PIP/500 mg TAZ once every 6 hours for a minimum 7 days, up to 14 days. At the start of PIP/TAZ treatment, participants will be treated empirically with 600 mg open-label linezolid administered IV every 12 hours until methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is ruled out. Participants with confirmed MRSA infection will continue to receive 600 mg linezolid every 12 hours for a minimum of 7 days, up to 14 days total.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Percentage of Participants With All-cause Mortality Through Day 28 in the Modified Intent to Treat (MITT) PopulationUp to approximately 28 days

For each participant, survival status was assessed at Day 28 post-randomization and recorded on the electronic Case Report Form. The percentage of participants with all-cause mortality through Day 28 in the MITT population is presented.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Percentage of Participants Achieving a Favorable Clinical Response at Early Follow-up (EFU) Visit in the MITT PopulationUp to approximately 27 days

Clinical response was defined as "Sustained cure" (All pretherapy signs and symptoms of the index infection have resolved or returned to preinfection status with no evidence of resurgence AND no additional antibiotic therapy was required for the index infection) or "Cure" (All pretherapy signs and symptoms of the index infection have resolved or returned to preinfection status AND no additional antibiotic therapy was required for the index infection). The percentage of participants achieving a favorable clinical response at EFU visit in the MITT population is presented.

Percentage of Participants Achieving a Favorable Clinical Response at EFU Visit in the Clinically Evaluable (CE) PopulationUp to approximately 27 days

Clinical response was defined as "Sustained cure" (All pretherapy signs and symptoms of the index infection have resolved or returned to preinfection status with no evidence of resurgence) AND no additional antibiotic therapy was required for the index infection or "Cure" (All pretherapy signs and symptoms of the index infection have resolved or returned to preinfection status) AND no additional antibiotic therapy was required for the index infection. The percentage of participants achieving a favorable clinical response at EFU visit in the CE population is presented.

Percentage of Participants Achieving a Favorable Clinical Response at End of Therapy (EOT) Visit in the MITT PopulationUp to approximately 14 days

Clinical response was defined as "Improved" (The majority of pre-therapy signs and symptoms of the index infection have improved or resolved or returned to "pre-infection status" AND no additional antibiotic therapy was required) or "Cure" (All pretherapy signs and symptoms of the index infection have resolved or returned to preinfection status AND no additional antibiotic therapy was required for the index infection). The percentage of participants achieving a favorable clinical response at EOT visit in the MITT population is presented.

Percentage of Participants Achieving a Favorable Clinical Response at EOT Visit in the Clinically Evaluable (CE) PopulationUp to approximately 14 days

Clinical response was defined as "Improved" (The majority of pre-therapy signs and symptoms of the index infection have improved or resolved or returned to "pre-infection status" AND no additional antibiotic therapy is required) or "Cure" (All pretherapy signs and symptoms of the index infection have resolved or returned to preinfection status) AND no additional antibiotic therapy is required for the index infection. The percentage of participants achieving a favorable clinical response at End of Treatment (EOT) visit in the CE population is presented.

Percentage of Participants Achieving a Favorable Microbiological Response at EOT Visit in Microbiological Modified Intent-To-Treat Population (mMITT) PopulationUp to approximately 14 days

Favorable overall microbiological response rates were defined as "eradication" (A lower respiratory tract culture taken at the EOT visit showed eradication of the pathogen found at study entry) OR "presumed eradication" (No specimen taken because participant was deemed clinically cured or improved) of the baseline pathogen. The percentage of participants achieving a favorable microbiological response at EOT visit in the mMITT population is presented.

Percentage of Participants Achieving a Favorable Microbiological Response at EFU Visit in Microbiological-evaluable (ME) Population.Up to approximately 27 days

A favorable by-pathogen microbiological response at EFU visit required "eradication" (A lower respiratory tract culture taken at the EFU visit showed eradication of the pathogen found at study entry) or "presumed eradication" (No specimen taken because participant was deemed clinically cured or improved) of the baseline pathogen. The percentage of participants achieving a favorable microbiological response at EFU visit in the ME population is presented.

Percentage of Participants Achieving a Favorable Microbiological Response at EOT Visit in the ME PopulationUp to approximately 14 days

Favorable overall microbiological response rates was defined as "eradication" (A lower respiratory tract culture taken at the EOT visit showed eradication of the pathogen found at study entry) OR "presumed eradication" (No specimen taken because participant was deemed clinically cured or improved) of the baseline pathogen. The percentage of participants achieving a favorable microbiological response at End of Treatment (EOT) visit in the ME population is presented.

Percentage of Participants Experiencing Adverse Events (AEs)Up to approximately 98 days

An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant, temporally associated with the use of study treatment, whether or not considered related to the study treatment. The percentage of participants experiencing an AE was reported for each arm.

Percentage of Participants Discontinuing Study Drug Due to AEsUp to approximately 14 days

An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant, temporally associated with the use of study treatment, whether or not considered related to the study treatment. The percentage of participants that discontinued study therapy due to an AE was reported for each arm.

Trial Locations

Locations (68)

Peking University First Hospital ( Site 0131)

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Beijing, Beijing, China

Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University ( Site 0133)

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Xiamen, Fujian, China

The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital-Intensive medicine ( Site 0157)

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Beijing, Beijing, China

Zhangzhou Municipal Hospital of Fujian Province-Neurosurgery Department ( Site 0150)

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Zhangzhou, Fujian, China

The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University ( Site 0123)

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Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University ( Site 0148)

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Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Shenzhen People s Hospital ( Site 0134)

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Shenzhen, Guangdong, China

The first people s hospital of Nanning ( Site 0138)

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Nanning, Guangxi, China

The first people s hospital of Nanning ( Site 0141)

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Nanning, Guangxi, China

Hainan General Hospital ( Site 0106)

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Haikou, Hainan, China

Hunan Provincial People Hospital ( Site 0122)

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Changsha, Hunan, China

First Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University ( Site 0111)

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Suzhou, Jiangsu, China

Wuxi People's Hospital ( Site 0124)

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Wuxi, Jiangsu, China

Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital ( Site 0129)

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Nanchang, Jiangxi, China

The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University ( Site 0132)

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Nanchang, Jiangxi, China

The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University ( Site 0116)

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Shenyang, Liaoning, China

The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University ( Site 0130)

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Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde ( Site 0800)

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Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico

Reg. Clin. Hospital ( Site 1306)

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Poltava, Poltavska Oblast, Ukraine

Beijing Chaoyang Hospital ( Site 0126)

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Beijing, Beijing, China

Santa Casa de Misericordia de Belo Horizonte ( Site 0300)

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Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Peking University Third Hospital ( Site 0115)

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Beijing, Beijing, China

Huadong Hospital Affiliated Fudan University ( Site 0103)

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Shanghai, Shanghai, China

Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital ( Site 0108)

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Shanghai, Shanghai, China

City Hospital #2 Severodvinsk ( Site 1017)

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Severodvinsk, Arkhangel Skaya Oblast, Russian Federation

Spitalul Clinic de Urgenta Bagdasar-Arseni ( Site 1101)

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Bucuresti, Romania

Clinical Hospital #122 L.G. Sokolova FMBA ( Site 1015)

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Saint Petersburg, Sankt-Peterburg, Russian Federation

Hospital de Base de Sao Jose de Rio Preto ( Site 0301)

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Sao Jose Do Rio Preto - SP, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Aero Space center hospital ( Site 0118)

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Beijing, Beijing, China

The First Affiliated Hospital Of Fujian Medical University-Respiratory ( Site 0136)

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Fuzhou, Fujian, China

The First Affiliated Hospital ( Site 0100)

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GuangZhou, Guangdong, China

Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital ( Site 0140)

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Huizhou, Guangdong, China

Guangzhou First People's Hospital ( Site 0101)

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Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital ( Site 0120)

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Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

Shiyan City People's Hospital-Neurosurgery ( Site 0155)

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Shiyan, Hubei, China

The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University ( Site 0121)

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Zhengzhou, Henan, China

Changsha Central Hospital ( Site 0119)

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Changsha, Hunan, China

First Huai'an Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University-Neurosurgery Department ( Site 0153)

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Huai'an, Jiangsu, China

The First People's Hospital of Changzhou ( Site 0139)

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Changzhou, Jiangsu, China

Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University ( Site 0147)

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Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China

The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University-Neurosurgery Department ( Site 0151)

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Nanchang, Jiangxi, China

People's Hospital of Liaocheng City-Neurology ( Site 0154)

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Liaocheng, Shandong, China

General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University ( Site 0135)

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Yinchuan, Ningxia, China

Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine ( Site 0104)

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Shanghai, Shanghai, China

Shanghai General Hospital ( Site 0125)

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Shanghai, Shanghai, China

Huashan Hospital of Fudan University ( Site 0105)

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Shanghai, Shanghai, China

The First Affiliated Hospital.Zhejiang University ( Site 0102)

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Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University ( Site 0110)

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Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

People s Hospital of Lishui City ( Site 0137)

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Lishui, Zhejiang, China

Tianjin Medical University General Hospital ( Site 0113)

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Tianjin, Tianjin, China

CHU de Nantes - Hotel Dieu ( Site 0600)

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Nantes, Pays-de-la-Loire, France

Ningbo First Hospital-neurosurgery ( Site 0152)

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Ningbo, Zhejiang, China

Hopital Roger Salengro du Lille ( Site 0601)

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Lille, Nord, France

Hospices Civils de Lyon ( Site 0603)

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Pierre Benite, Rhone, France

Hopital Bicetre ( Site 0605)

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Le Kremlin-Bicetre, Val-de-Marne, France

Mary Johnston Hospital ( Site 0901)

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Metro Manila, National Capital Region, Philippines

Hospital Civil Nuevo de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca ( Site 0804)

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Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico

West Visayas State University Medical Center ( Site 0900)

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Iloilo, Philippines

Lung Center of the Philippines ( Site 0903)

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Quezon, National Capital Region, Philippines

Spitalul Clinic Judetean de Urgenta Pius Branzeu ( Site 1103)

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Timisoara, Timis, Romania

First City Clinical Hospital n.a. E.E.Volosevich ( Site 1016)

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Arkhangelsk, Arkhangel Skaya Oblast, Russian Federation

City Clinical Hospital No13 of Kharkiv City Council ( Site 1303)

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Kharkiv, Kharkivska Oblast, Ukraine

City Hospital #26 ( Site 1002)

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Saint-Petersburg, Sankt-Peterburg, Russian Federation

Research Institute of Emergency Medicine n.a. I.I.Dzhanelidze ( Site 1011)

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Saint Petersburg, Sankt-Peterburg, Russian Federation

Kiyv city municipal hospital 17 ( Site 1300)

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Kiev, Kyivska Oblast, Ukraine

ME Dnipropetrovsk Clinical Joinder of Emergency Care of DRC ( Site 1304)

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Dnipro, Dnipropetrovska Oblast, Ukraine

Ivano-Frankivsk regional clinical hospital ( Site 1301)

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Ivano-Frankivsk, Ivano-Frankivska Oblast, Ukraine

Beijing Hospital ( Site 0127)

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Beijing, Beijing, China

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