The efficacy of lozenge on anti-oral inflammation and smoking
- Conditions
- Smokers aged between 18 and 65 years, smoked more than 5 cigarettes/day in the past 6 months, diagnosed by a dentist with mild or moderate oral inflammation, and healthy subjects with no allergic history to any ingredient in the lozenges.Moringa oleifera Lam., Vernonia cinerea, Lozenge, smoking, Oral inflammation
- Registration Number
- TCTR20210420006
- Lead Sponsor
- Thailand Science Research and Innovation (TSRI)
- Brief Summary
In this study, MO leaf extract, VC extract, MO lozenges, and MO+VC lozenges showed strong antioxidant potential and anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines as IL-6 of inflamed human macrophages. Moreover, lozenges containing MO and MO+VC had a strong effect on reducing gingivitis and oral inflammation in smokers.
- Detailed Description
Not available
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- Completed
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 67
Smokers aged between 18 and 65 years, smoked more than 5 cigarettes/day in the past 6 months, diagnosed by a dentist with mild or moderate oral inflammation, and healthy subjects with no allergic history to any ingredient in the lozenges.
Exclusion criteria included subjects who had a history of disease including diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular, cancer, significant hepatic and renal impairment, neuro-logic and psychiatric disorder, and immunodeficiency, pregnant or breastfeeding, used drugs including antibiotics, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulants, anticonvulsants, immunosuppressive drugs within 6 months before the study visit, severe alcoholism or drug addict, and previous use of anti-inflammation or smoking cessation products within one month.
Study & Design
- Study Type
- Observational
- Study Design
- Not specified
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Oral inflammation 4 weeks oral examination score
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Gingival index 4 weeks Gingival index score
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