Pectopexy for Treatment of Apical Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) substantially affects the quality of life (QOL) of women, with a global prevalence of 20% to 65% .Surgery is the major treatment option for patients with POP at POP Quantification (POP-Q) stage ≥II, especially after failure of conservative treatments . Apical pelvic organ prolapse is a common issue in Egypt with significant incidence rate due to many predisposing factors including increasing age, higher gravidity and parity (especially the number of vaginal births .

Apical support is the most important factor for the successful outcome of pelvic reconstruction surgery. Apical suspension can be performed transabdominally or transvaginally using native tissue or a synthetic mesh . Abdominal sacropexy is considered now the gold standard operation for treatment of apical pelvic organ prolapse . However , many intraoperative complication can occur including hemorrhage or transfusion or both occurred in 4.4% , intestinal injury or rectal injury in 1.6% (0.4% to 2.5%),and ureteral injury in 1.0% of cases. Postoperative complications include paralytic ileus in 3.6%.transient femoral nerve injury and vertebral osteomyelitis . Sacropexy also has a long steep learning curve .

Pectopexy has been in 2011 where synthetic mesh is fixed to the pectineal ligaments bilaterally.This surgery is presumed to have fewer complications because the surgical field is limited to the anterior pelvis, with a decreased risk of injury to the adjacent organs. The technique is suitable for surgeons seeking an attractive alternative for patients in a context of high morbidity and/or with difficult access to the promontory . However, adequate evidence to support this surgical option still needs further studies.