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Falls Prevention Evaluation and Development for Older Adults in the Community

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Fear of Falling
Physical Performance
Interventions
Other: Exercise-based fall prevention intervention (Modified Otago Exercise Programme and Modified Stepping On Programme)
Other: Wait-list control
Registration Number
NCT04788251
Lead Sponsor
Geriatric Education and Research Institute
Brief Summary

Exercise-based fall prevention programmes with strength and balance components have been shown to reduce the rate of falls, risk of falling, fractures and injuries. However, there is little evidence on the implementation of these programmes in real-world settings.

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of exercise-based fall prevention interventions on fall risk (physical performance and fear of falling) among community-dwelling older adults who are at risk of falling in Singapore. A secondary aim is to assess the effectiveness of the programme on other health outcomes. The study will also evaluate the programme implementation from 3 perspectives of older adults, implementers and community partners.

Detailed Description

Two exercise-based fall prevention programmes (Otago Exercise Programme, OEP and the Stepping On Programme, SOP) have been shown to be effective to prevent and reduce falls in primarily non-Asian settings. The Otago Exercise Programme is a single component intervention that has been shown to reduce fall rate among older adults by 35%. The OEP is a group-based exercise programme based on strength and balance components. The Stepping-On Programme is a multi-component intervention that has been shown to reduce fall rate by 30%. The SOP consists of group-based series of weekly sessions to teach fall prevention strategies to community-dwelling older adults. Sessions comprise of strength-balance exercises and classes based on adult learning principles.

However, there is little evidence of the effectiveness, feasibility and acceptability of locally-adapted community fall prevention interventions. Furthermore, studies on the effectiveness of fall prevention interventions among Asian populations are less robust due to the lack of well-designed studies with adequately powered sample sizes.

In this study, exercise-based fall prevention programmes will be implemented based on geographic region where participants living in the North region will receive the modified SOP and participants in the Central region will receive the modified OEP.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
68
Inclusion Criteria
  • Aged 60 years and above
  • Lives in the community
  • Living in the Central or North region of Singapore
  • Singaporean or Singapore Permanent Resident
  • Understand conversational English or Chinese
  • Able to walk independently in the community with or without assistive devices (Defined as single-point walking aid, e.g. umbrella, cane, walking stick)
  • Answered 'Yes' to any of 3 falls risk screening questions (i.e. 1. Did you have a fall in the past 12 months?, 2. Are you concerned about falling?, 3. Do you feel like you are going to fall when getting up or walking?)
Exclusion Criteria
  • Currently participating in other falls prevention programme or trial or participated in a fall prevention programme or trial in the past 3 months
  • Has chest pains when doing exercise
  • Had a recent major surgery less than 3 months or is undergoing renal dialysis or active cancer treatment
  • Has been told by a doctor to have the following medical conditions: Dementia, Severe neuromuscular or cardiovascular conditions i.e. stroke in the past 6 months, heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, Parkinson's disease
  • Have been told by a doctor not to exercise due to health issues
  • Score of less than 7 on the Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT)

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
SEQUENTIAL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Exercise-based fall prevention interventionExercise-based fall prevention intervention (Modified Otago Exercise Programme and Modified Stepping On Programme)To receive 7 weeks of exercise-based programme
Wait-list controlsWait-list controlTo receive fall prevention resources while waiting for programme
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Difference in Mobility Between Intervention and Control BlocksData will be collected at baseline and immediately after each step as this is a stepped-wedge analysis.

Measured using the Timed Up and Go (TUG)

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Difference in Physical Performance Between Intervention and Control BlocksData will be collected at baseline and immediately after each step as this is a stepped-wedge analysis.

Measured using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). A summary score (range 0-12) will be calculated, with higher score indicating a better performance.

Difference in Fear of Falling Between Intervention and Control BlocksData will be collected at baseline and immediately after each step as this is a stepped-wedge analysis.

Measured using the 16-item Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I). The score ranges from 16 to 64, with a higher score indicating a greater fear of falling.

Trial Locations

Locations (2)

Khoo Teck Puat Hospital

🇸🇬

Singapore, Singapore

Tan Tock Seng Hospital

🇸🇬

Singapore, Singapore

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