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The Effect of Virtual Reality Application Used During Endoscopy on Pain, Anxiety and Vital Signs: A Mixed Methods Study

Not Applicable
Conditions
Patient Relations, Nurse
Supportive Care
Nurse's Role
Interventions
Other: Experimental group
Registration Number
NCT05587946
Lead Sponsor
İBRAHİM NAS
Brief Summary

In this study, the effect of virtual reality application used during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy on pain, anxiety and vital signs will be investigated. The research will be conducted as a mixed methods research including quantitative and qualitative methods. The exploratory sequence mixed design model, one of the mixed method designs, will be used in the research.

Detailed Description

Objective: In this study, the effect of virtual reality application used during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy on pain, anxiety and vital signs will be investigated. The research will be conducted as a mixed methods research including quantitative and qualitative methods. The exploratory sequence mixed design model, one of the mixed method designs, will be used in the research.

The research was carried out in the endoscopy unit of a university hospital in Van between November 2022 and March 2023. This research, in which an exploratory sequential mixed design was used, consists of two stages. In the research, the quantitative phase, in which a pretest-posttest design, randomized controlled, experimental method was used, was completed with 75 patients, and the qualitative phase, in which the phenomenological/phenomenological design was used, was completed with 19 patients. Patient introduction form, state anxiety scale, pain visual comparison scale, patient follow-up form and semi-structured interview form were used to collect data. IBM SPSS V23 program (quantitative) and inductive qualitative content analysis (qualitative) were used to analyze the data.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
80
Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

Exclusion criteria from quantitative section research;

  • sedation applied,
  • who want to withdraw from the study,
  • Patients using analgesics or anti-anxiety medications before and during the procedure

Exclusion criteria from qualitative departmental research;

• Those in the control group

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Intervention/treatmentExperimental group1. Implementation steps 1-4 of the Control Group will be done. 2. The patient will be informed about the virtual reality application. 3. The patient will be told that they can remove their glasses at any time and stop participating in the study. 4. 2 minutes before the endoscopy process starts, the previously determined video will be started by putting on the Virtual Reality Glasses. 5. Glasses will be worn from the beginning to the end of the procedure. 6. The patient will be observed during the procedure. The data obtained during the observation will be noted. 7. After the endoscopy procedure; "State Anxiety Scale", "Visual Comparison Scale" will be re-applied and vital signs will be measured and recorded in the Patient Follow-up Form. 8. After the endoscopy procedure, patients will be given an interview appointment on the same day to collect the data of the qualitative part of the study. 9. "Semi-Structured Interview Form" will be applied in the interview.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Body temperature before the endoscopy procedureJust before the endoscopy procedure

Normal Body temperature; 36 to 37-5 degrees is normal.

Respiration rate after endoscopy procedureRespiratory rate/minute reported in the first 5 minutes after the endoscopy procedure

12 to 20 breaths per minute is normal.

Oxygen saturation (SpO2) before the endoscopy procedureJust before the endoscopy procedure

Normal oxygen saturation usually ranges from 95% to 100%.

Oxygen saturation (SpO2) after endoscopy procedurewithin first 5 minutes after endoscopy procedure

Normal oxygen saturation usually ranges from 95% to 100%.

Blood pressure before the endoscopy procedureJust before the endoscopy procedure

90/60 mm Hg to 120/80 mm/Hg is normal.

Blood pressure after the endoscopy procedurewithin first 5 minutes after the endoscopy procedure

90/60 mm Hg to 120/80 mm/Hg is normal.

Post-endoscopy painPain severity reported in the first 5 minutes after the endoscopy procedure

Pain severity assessment with Visual Assessment Scale (VAS) Score: 0-10; 0- No Pain, 10- Worst Pain

Heart rate before the endoscopy procedureJust before the endoscopy procedure

60 to 100 beats per minute is normal.

Heart rate after the endoscopy procedureHeart rate per minute reported in the first 5 minutes after the endoscopy procedure

60 to 100 beats per minute is normal.

Pain intensity before endoscopyPain intensity reported within the first 5 minutes prior to the endoscopy procedure

Pain severity assessment with Visual Assessment Scale (VAS) Score: 0-10; 0- No Pain, 10- Worst Pain

Respiration rate before the endoscopy procedureJust before the endoscopy procedure

12 to 20 breaths per minute is normal.

Body temperature after endoscopy procedurewithin first 5 minutes after endoscopy procedure

Normal Body temperature; 36 to 37-5 degrees is normal.

Post-endoscopy anxiety stateAnxiety state reported within the first 10 minutes after the endoscopy procedure

The statements in the state anxiety scale were answered as "not at all", "a little", "a lot" and "totally" according to the feelings of the person. A total score of 20-80 is obtained from the scale. A low score indicates a low level of anxiety, and a high one indicates a high level of anxiety. The score obtained from the scale, on the other hand, indicates mild anxiety between 20-39, moderate anxiety between 40-59 and severe anxiety between 60-80.

Anxiety state before endoscopyAnxiety state reported within the first 10 minutes before the endoscopy procedure

The statements in the state anxiety scale were answered as "not at all", "a little", "a lot" and "totally" according to the feelings of the person. A total score of 20-80 is obtained from the scale. A low score indicates a low level of anxiety, and a high one indicates a high level of anxiety. The score obtained from the scale, on the other hand, indicates mild anxiety between 20-39, moderate anxiety between 40-59 and severe anxiety between 60-80.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Patient opinions on endoscopyTwo hours after endoscopy

General thoughts of the patient about endoscopy

Patient opinions on virtual reality glasses and its applicationTwo hours after endoscopy

General thoughts of the patient about the use of virtual reality glasses during endoscopy

Patient opinions on the effect of virtual reality application on painTwo hours after endoscopy

Patient opinions on the effect of virtual reality application on pain

Patient opinions on the effect of virtual reality application on anxietyTwo hours after endoscopy

Patient opinions on the effect of virtual reality application on anxiety

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Van, Turkey

🇹🇷

Van, Turkey

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