Comparison of the Anesthetic and Analgesic Efficacy of Selective Truncal Blocks at Different Volumes in Upper Extremity Orthopedic Surgeries

The primary outcome of this study is to compare the effect of selective truncal blocks, performed at different doses and volumes, on the onset times of motor and sensory blocks required for anesthesia in patients scheduled for hand, wrist, forearm, and elbow surgeries. Completing the operation under regional anesthesia will be considered a successful block.

Secondary Outcome Variables:

Secondary outcomes include comparisons between the two groups regarding total motor block duration and analgesia durations, tourniquet pain, incidence of diaphragm paralysis, complications (vascular puncture, paresthesia, Horner's syndrome, hoarseness), time to first postoperative analgesic administration, and total analgesic consumption within the first 24 postoperative hours.

This study aims to compare the anesthetic efficacy and complication rates associated with different volumes of local anesthetic used in upper extremity surgeries (elbow, forearm, and hand surgeries) in patients over 18 years of age with ASA scores of 1-2 to reduce complication rates.

In recent years, brachial plexus blocks, performed through various approaches, have become preferred over general anesthesia for upper extremity surgeries due to numerous advantages. Peripheral nerve blocks are known to maintain patient consciousness and spontaneous breathing, reduce airway interventions, provide effective postoperative pain control, decrease opioid-related side effects, limit surgical stress-induced metabolic and endocrine changes, enable early discharge, and reduce treatment costs.