The Rewire Study (Mindfulness Mobile App to Reduce Adolescent Substance Use)

Not Applicable

Completed

Conditions: Adolescent Substance Use

Interventions: Behavioral: Rewire App

Registration Number: NCT03533491

Lead Sponsor: Oregon Research Behavioral Intervention Strategies, Inc.

Brief Summary: The current proposal is aimed at developing a substance use cessation app (Rewire) for high risk adolescents who are involved in the juvenile justice system. The Rewire app will be based on the primary substance use cessation components tested in our previous work with juvenile justice-involved adolescents and on intervention components shown to be central to smoking cessation.

Detailed Description: The Rewire Study will recruit 60 youth (30 boys and 30 girls) who have had contact with the Department of Youth Services in the last year. Consent will be obtained from parents or guardians for the youths' participation. The participating teens will come to Oregon Research Institute for a baseline assessment. During this visit, the teens will complete an assent form and spend 20-30 minutes completing an online survey with an assessor; topics covered in the survey include emotion regulation and drug and alcohol use. Teens will have the app loaded onto their phones and be provided with instructions for its use during this visit. Participants are asked to use the app over the next 2 weeks, completing 4 modules and spending 5-10 minutes each day answering questions about recent emotions and substance use. Teens will be contacted via email for follow up assessments at 8 weeks post-baseline. These emails will contain links to the follow-up surveys which also ask about emotion regulation and drug and alcohol use; surveys should take 20-30 minutes to complete.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 60

Inclusion Criteria

ages 13 to 18
involved with Juvenile Justice system
documented substance use
English-speaking
living in the community

Exclusion Criteria

non English-speaking
living in treatment or detention facility

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
App Evaluation	Rewire App	All 60 teens in The Rewire Study will complete the first 4 modules of the Rewire app. Prior to using the app, they will complete a baseline assessment. Follow up surveys will be completed at 2 weeks and 8 weeks post-baseline.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Adolescent Use of Cigarettes	Baseline (pretest), 8 weeks (posttest)	Proportion of participants that use cigarettes as measured by Youth Substances Interview
Adolescent Use of E-cigarettes	Baseline (pretest), 8 weeks (posttest)	Proportion of participants that use e-cigarette use as measured by Youth Substances Interview
Adolescent Use of Alcohol	Baseline (pretest), 8 weeks (posttest)	Proportion of participants that use alcohol use as measured by Youth Substances Interview
Adolescent Use of Marijuana	Baseline (pretest), 8 weeks (posttest)	Proportion of participants that use marijuana use as measured by Youth Substances Interview

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Changes in Adolescent Mindfulness Practices - Observe Subscale	Baseline (pretest), 8 weeks (posttest)	Mindfulness is measured using the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire. Mindfulness (Baer et al. 2006) was assessed with a 5-point response option (1 = never or very rarely true, 5 = every often or always true) and mean scores were computed for each subscale. A higher score indicates greater levels of mindfulness. Subscales include observing (8 items), describing (8 items), acting with awareness (8 items), non-judging of inner experience (8 items), and non-reactivity to inner experience (7 items).
Changes in Adolescent Mindfulness Practices - Describing Subscale	Baseline (pretest) and 8-weeks (posttest)	Mindfulness is measured using the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire. Mindfulness (Baer et al. 2006) was assessed with a 5-point response option (1 = never or very rarely true, 5 = every often or always true) and mean scores were computed for each subscale. A higher score indicates greater levels of mindfulness. Subscales include observing (8 items), describing (8 items), acting with awareness (8 items), non-judging of inner experience (8 items), and non-reactivity to inner experience (7 items).
Change in Adolescent Mindfulness Practices - Acting With Awareness Subscale	Baseline (pretest) and 8-week (posttest)	Mindfulness is measured using the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire. Mindfulness (Baer et al. 2006) was assessed with a 5-point response option (1 = never or very rarely true, 5 = every often or always true) and mean scores were computed for each subscale. A higher score indicates greater levels of mindfulness. Subscales include observing (8 items), describing (8 items), acting with awareness (8 items), non-judging of inner experience (8 items), and non-reactivity to inner experience (7 items).
Change in Adolescent Mindfulness Practices - Non-judging of Inner Experiences Subscale	Baseline (pretest) and 8-weeks (posttest)	Mindfulness is measured using the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire. Mindfulness (Baer et al. 2006) was assessed with a 5-point response option (1 = never or very rarely true, 5 = every often or always true) and mean scores were computed for each subscale. A higher score indicates greater levels of mindfulness. Subscales include observing (8 items), describing (8 items), acting with awareness (8 items), non-judging of inner experience (8 items), and non-reactivity to inner experience (7 items).
Change in Adolescent Mindfulness Practices - Non-reactivity to Inner Experience Subscale	Baseline (pretest) and 8-week (posttest)	Mindfulness is measured using the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire. Mindfulness (Baer et al. 2006) was assessed with a 5-point response option (1 = never or very rarely true, 5 = every often or always true) and mean scores were computed for each subscale. A higher score indicates greater levels of mindfulness. Subscales include observing (8 items), describing (8 items), acting with awareness (8 items), non-judging of inner experience (8 items), and non-reactivity to inner experience (7 items).
Changes in Emotion Regulation - Non-acceptance of Emotional Response Subscale	Baseline (pretest), 8 weeks (posttest)	Emotion Regulation is measured with the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Emotional regulation (Gratz and Roemer, 2004) was assessed with a 5-point response option (1 = almost never, 5 = almost always) and mean scores were computed for each subscale. A higher score indicates greater levels of emotional regulation. Subscales include non-acceptance of emotional response (6 items), difficulties engaging in goals (5 items), impulse control difficulties (6 items), lack of emotional awareness (6 items), limited access to emotion regulation strategies (8 items), and lack of emotional clarity (6 items).
Changes in Emotional Regulation - Difficulties Engaging in Goals Subscale	Baseline (pretest) and 8-weeks (posttest)	Emotion Regulation is measured with the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Emotional regulation (Gratz and Roemer, 2004) was assessed with a 5-point response option (1 = almost never, 5 = almost always) and mean scores were computed for each subscale. A higher score indicates greater levels of emotional regulation. Subscales include non-acceptance of emotional response (6 items), difficulties engaging in goals (5 items), impulse control difficulties (6 items), lack of emotional awareness (6 items), limited access to emotion regulation strategies (8 items), and lack of emotional clarity (6 items).
Changes in Emotional Regulation - Impulse Control Difficulties Subscale	Baseline (pretest) and 8-weeks (posttest)	Emotion Regulation is measured with the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Emotional regulation (Gratz and Roemer, 2004) was assessed with a 5-point response option (1 = almost never, 5 = almost always) and mean scores were computed for each subscale. A higher score indicates greater levels of emotional regulation. Subscales include non-acceptance of emotional response (6 items), difficulties engaging in goals (5 items), impulse control difficulties (6 items), lack of emotional awareness (6 items), limited access to emotion regulation strategies (8 items), and lack of emotional clarity (6 items).
Changes in Emotional Regulation - Lack of Emotional Awareness Subscale	Baseline (pretest) and 8-weeks (Posttest)	Emotion Regulation is measured with the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Emotional regulation (Gratz and Roemer, 2004) was assessed with a 5-point response option (1 = almost never, 5 = almost always) and mean scores were computed for each subscale. A higher score indicates greater levels of emotional regulation. Subscales include non-acceptance of emotional response (6 items), difficulties engaging in goals (5 items), impulse control difficulties (6 items), lack of emotional awareness (6 items), limited access to emotion regulation strategies (8 items), and lack of emotional clarity (6 items).
Changes in Emotional Regulation - Limited Access to Emotion Regulation Strategies Subscale	Baseline (pretest) and 8-week (posttest)	Emotion Regulation is measured with the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Emotional regulation (Gratz and Roemer, 2004) was assessed with a 5-point response option (1 = almost never, 5 = almost always) and mean scores were computed for each subscale. A higher score indicates greater levels of emotional regulation. Subscales include non-acceptance of emotional response (6 items), difficulties engaging in goals (5 items), impulse control difficulties (6 items), lack of emotional awareness (6 items), limited access to emotion regulation strategies (8 items), and lack of emotional clarity (6 items).
Changes in Emotional Regulation - Lack of Emotional Clarity	Baseline (pretest) and 8-weeks (posttest)	Emotion Regulation is measured with the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Emotional regulation (Gratz and Roemer, 2004) was assessed with a 5-point response option (1 = almost never, 5 = almost always) and mean scores were computed for each subscale. A higher score indicates greater levels of emotional regulation. Subscales include non-acceptance of emotional response (6 items), difficulties engaging in goals (5 items), impulse control difficulties (6 items), lack of emotional awareness (6 items), limited access to emotion regulation strategies (8 items), and lack of emotional clarity (6 items).