Appetite Suppression Effects of an Herbal Combination of Yerba maté, Guarana, Damiana (YGD), and 12 Other Herbal Components, Versus YGD Supplementation Alone
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 19
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Acute 3-h changes from baseline in subjective appetite sensations using visual analogue scales
研究概览
简要总结
Background:
Supplementation with the combination of Yerba maté, guarana and damiana (YGD) has been found to slow gastric emptying by 15 to 58%, and to induce a substantial weight loss over 45 days without changes in diet. Enhanced gastric emptying rate has been shown to reduce the satiating effect of food and may thereby promote obesity. Yerba maté and guarana are known to contain large amounts of caffeine, resins, saponins and tannins, whereas damiana contains ethereal oils, tannins and resins. Caffeine belongs to a class of compounds called methylxanthines and epidemiological studies suggest that caffeine might possess weight reducing properties. The sympathomimetic properties of caffeine act to some extent through α- and β-adrenoreceptors, but most of the sympathoadrenergic stimulation caused by caffeine (even in very small doses) acts through the dual ability to antagonise adenosine and to inhibit the activity of cellular cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system can cause suppression of hunger, enhance satiety and increase of energy expenditure covered in part by increased fat oxidation.
Aim:
To evaluate the effect of YGD combination or Akavar 20-50 (A20-50) compared with placebo on:
- Acute change in 4-h subjective appetite sensations
- Acute change in ad libitum energy intake (EI) 30 minutes post intake
- Acute change in serum glucose, insulin, ghrelin and other appetite-regulating hormones (glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), cholecystokinin (CCK))
Subjects:
19 , healthy, premenopausal, overweight to obese (BMI between 27 and 32 kg/m2) women(age: 18 to 45 years).
Method:
The study is designed as a 3-way crossover, randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind study.
The bioactive components will be administered as capsules containing YGD or A20-50. The placebo capsules will contain rice flower. The subjects will undergo following treatments:
- YGD capsules
- A20-50 capsules
- Placebo capsules
On each test day the subjects will be instructed to rest in a supine position for 15 minutes before dual measures of blood pressure and HR. A blood sample will be taken (baseline). The subject's appetite sensations will also be assessed by visual analogue scales (VAS) prior to intake of the test compound. Immediately hereafter the subjects will be served the first dose of the test compound. Blood samples will be taken at 15 and 30 minutes (time 0) post test compound. After 30 minutes post test compound the subjects will be given a standard breakfast (2.5 MJ = 598 kcal). Additional blood samples will be taken 15 minutes 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 240 minutes post-meal, together with a VAS appetite score assessment (0, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 240 minutes).
Immediately after the last blood collection subjects will be asked to take a second dose of the test compound. After 30 minutes the subjects will repeat one VAS score assessment and be served an ad libitum lunch.
Blood samples will be analyzed for insulin, glucose, and appetite regulating hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), ghrelin, cholecystokinin (CCK).
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 盲法
- Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 45 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- Female
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •BMI: 27-32 kg/m2,
- •Weight stable (within +/- 3 kg) two months prior to study inclusion,
- •Non-smoking,
- •Nonathletic (< 10 h hard physical activity),
排除标准
- •BMI <27 and > 32 kg/m2,
- •Change in smoking status,
- •Daily or frequent use of medication,
- •Suffering from metabolic diseases,
- •Suffering from psychiatric diseases,
- •Suffering from any other clinical condition, which would make the subject unfit to participate in the study,
- •Hemoglobin < 7.0 mmol/l.
- •alcohol and drug abuse
- •blood donation, 3mo prior to the present study and during study participation
研究组 & 干预措施
A20-50
A20-50 (2 capsules). Each capsule contains:
Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis), Guarana seed (Paullinia cupana), Magnesium Oxide , Caffeine , Damiana (Turnera microphylla), Green tea (Camellia sinensis), Ginger (Zingiber Officinale), Kola nut (Cola acuminate or nitida), Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Tibetan Ginseng root (Rhodiola crenulata), Schisandra (Schisandra Chinensis), Jujube (Ziziphus Jujuba) , Cocoa nut (Theobroma cacao), Chinese Skullcap (Scutellaria Baicalensis), Black tea leaf (Thea sinensis), Rice flour (to fill)
Dose = 2 capsules have a total of 200 mg of caffeine
干预措施: Appetite suppressant properties of YGD and A20-50 (Other)
YGD
YGD blend (2 capsules). Each capsule contains:
Yerba Maté (leaf) , Guarana (seed) , Damiana (leaf) , Rice flour: to fill ,
The 2 capsules of the YGD blend contain about 40 mg xanthines (caffeine and caffeine-like stimulants).
干预措施: Appetite suppressant properties of YGD and A20-50 (Other)
Placebo
Placebo (2 capsules). Each capsule contains:
Rice Flour
干预措施: Appetite suppressant properties of YGD and A20-50 (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Acute 3-h changes from baseline in subjective appetite sensations using visual analogue scales
时间窗: Measured on 3 seperate test days in a crossover design. Each test day is seperated by >4 weeks. On each test day appetite sensations are measured prior to the test compound (time 0) and 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 240 minutes post intake
Assessment of subjective appetite sensations (visual analogue scales (VAS)) at time 0 (baseline - prior to the test meal) and at time 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 240 minutes post intake. Measured subjective appetite sensations of hunger, satiety, prospective consumption, fullness, composite appetite score.
次要结局
- Acute 3-h changes from baseline in subjective sensory desires using visual analogue scales(Measured on 3 seperate test days in a crossover design. Each test day is seperated by >4 weeks. On each test day appetite sensations are measured prior to the test compound (time 0) and 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 240 minutes post intake)
- Acute 3-h changes from baseline in the postprandial concentration of Ghrelin(Measured on 3 seperate test days. Each test day is seperated by >4 weeks. Ghrelin was measured prior to the test compound (time -15 and -30 min) and to the breakfast meal (time 0) and 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 240 minutes)
- Acute 3-h changes from baseline in the postprandial concentration of GLP-1(Measured on 3 seperate test days. Each test day is seperated by >4 weeks. GLP-1 was measured prior to the test compound (time -15 and -30 min) and to the breakfast meal (time 0) and 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 240 minutes)
- Acute 3-h changes from baseline in the postprandial concentration of CCK(Measured on 3 seperate test days. Each test day is seperated by >4 weeks. CCK was measured prior to the test compound (time -15 and -30 min) and to the breakfast meal (time 0) and 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 240 minutes)
- Acute 3-h changes from baseline in the postprandial concentration of glucose(Measured on 3 seperate test days. Each test day is seperated by >4 weeks. Glucose was measured prior to the test compound (time -15 and -30 min) and to the breakfast meal (time 0) and 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 240 minutes)
- Acute 3-h changes from baseline in the postprandial concentration of insulin(Measured on 3 seperate test days. Each test day is seperated by >4 weeks. Insulin was measured prior to the test compound (time -15 and -30 min) and to the breakfast meal (time 0) and 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 240 minutes)
- Change in ad libitum energy intake (EI)(Measured on 3 seperate test days. Each test day is seperated by >4 weeks. EI was measured 240 min after intake of the breakfast meal.)
- Rating of the organoleptic quality of the ad libitum meal(Measured on 3 seperate test days. Each test day is seperated by >4 weeks.On each test day after completion of the ad libitum meal (approximately) time 15-20 minutes post intake) subjects will rate the ad libitum meal)
- Subjective appetite sensations (visual analogue scales) after ad libitum meal(Measured on 3 seperate test days. Each test day is seperated by >4 weeks.After completion of the ad libitum meal subjects will rate their subjective sensation of appetite)
- change in body weight(Measured on 3 seperate test days. Each test day is seperated by >4 weeks.On each test day body weight is carried out prior to the test.)
- change in heart rate(Measured on 3 seperate test days. Each test day is seperated by >4 weeks.On each test day blood pressure and heart rate carried out prior to the test.)
- change in blood pressure(Measured on 3 seperate test days. Each test day is seperated by >4 weeks.On each test day blood psure and heart rate carried out prior to the test.)
- change in composition (fat mass and fat free mass)(Measured on 3 seperate test days. Each test day is seperated by >4 weeks.On each test day composition is carried out prior to the test.)
研究者
Arne Astrup
Professor, Dr Med
University of Copenhagen