Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Elite Female Turkish Cross-Country Skiers
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 34
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Serum Catalase (CAT) Activity
研究概览
简要总结
This study is designed to investigate oxidative stress and antioxidant defense biomarkers in elite female cross-country skiers compared with sedentary women. Oxidative stress plays a central role in exercise adaptation, and the balance between reactive oxygen species production and antioxidant capacity can influence performance and recovery. Despite growing interest in redox biology, evidence from elite female endurance athletes is limited.
This cross-sectional observational study enrolled 17 elite female cross-country skiers, who were members of the Turkish national junior and senior teams, and 17 age- and BMI-matched sedentary women. All participants reported to the laboratory between 07:00 and 09:00 a.m. after an overnight fast. Anthropometric characteristics, including height, weight, and BMI, were measured under standardized conditions.
Venous blood samples were collected from the antecubital vein using aseptic technique. Serum was separated, stored at -80 °C, and analyzed for key redox biomarkers. Catalase (CAT) activity was measured spectrophotometrically using the method of Aebi, reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration was determined using Ellman's reagent, and malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of lipid peroxidation, was assessed using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. All analyses were performed in triplicate in a certified clinical biochemistry laboratory.
The primary objective of this study is to characterize and compare systemic antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress levels between trained athletes and sedentary controls. The data generated will provide insight into how chronic endurance training in cold outdoor environments affects enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems in young women.
详细描述
This study was designed as a cross-sectional observational investigation to examine systemic oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses in elite female cross-country skiers compared with sedentary women of similar age and body mass index. The study followed the STROBE guidelines for reporting observational research and complied with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was granted by the Muş Alparslan University Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee (Approval No: 27754; Date: 27 October 2021).
Participants
A total of 34 women participated in the study, including 17 elite female cross-country skiers who were current members of the Turkish national junior and senior teams (2021-2025 competitive seasons) and 17 sedentary women matched for age and BMI. Inclusion criteria were: (a) female sex; (b) age between 15-20 years; (c) absence of chronic metabolic, cardiovascular, or inflammatory diseases; (d) no regular medication use; (e) no vitamin or antioxidant supplementation within the preceding three months; and (f) non-smoker and non-alcohol consumer. Exclusion criteria included acute infection, recent musculoskeletal injury, or failure to comply with pre-test requirements (e.g., overnight fasting, rest). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants; for those under 18 years of age, parental or guardian consent was also collected.
Anthropometric and Pre-Analytical Procedures
All participants attended the laboratory between 07:00 and 09:00 a.m. following a 10-12-hour overnight fast to minimize the effect of circadian variation and dietary intake on oxidative stress markers. Upon arrival, participants were asked to remain seated in a quiet, temperature-controlled room (22-24 °C) for at least 30 minutes to achieve resting physiological conditions. Anthropometric measurements were taken barefoot and in light clothing using standardized procedures: standing height was measured to the nearest 0.1 cm using a stadiometer, and body weight was measured to the nearest 0.1 kg with a calibrated digital scale. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight (kg) divided by height squared (m²).
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Observational
- 观察模型
- Case Control
- 时间视角
- Cross Sectional
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 15 Years 至 20 Years（Child, Adult）
- 性别
- Female
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Female participants aged 15-20 years
- •Members of the Turkish junior or senior national cross-country skiing team (for athlete group)
- •Sedentary lifestyle, no regular exercise training within the past 6 months (for control group)
- •Body mass index within normal range (18.5-24.9 kg/m²)
- •No use of antioxidant or vitamin supplementation within the past 3 months
- •Non-smoker and no alcohol consumption
- •Voluntary participation with signed informed consent (and parental consent if under 18 years)
排除标准
- •Presence of chronic metabolic, cardiovascular, or inflammatory diseases
- •Current medication use affecting oxidative stress or metabolism
- •Acute infection or illness within 2 weeks prior to data collection
- •Recent musculoskeletal injury or inability to comply with testing procedures
- •Failure to complete overnight fasting or rest requirements before blood sampling
结局指标
主要结局
Serum Catalase (CAT) Activity
时间窗: Baseline (single fasting blood draw)
Catalase activity in serum measured spectrophotometrically at 240 nm following Aebi's method; expressed as units per milliliter (U/mL).
Serum Reduced Glutathione (GSH) Concentration
时间窗: Baseline (single fasting blood draw)
Total glutathione concentration measured colorimetrically using Ellman's reagent (DTNB); expressed as µmol/L.
Serum Malondialdehyde (MDA) Concentration
时间窗: Baseline (single fasting blood draw)
Marker of lipid peroxidation measured via thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) method; expressed as nmol/mL.
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Omer Faruk Bilici
Principal Investigator
Duvenciler Anadolu Lİsesi