Metabolic Cost of Medicine Ball Training
- Conditions
- Physical FitnessBody CompositionEnergy ExpenditureResting Metabolic Rate
- Interventions
- Behavioral: MB-TBBehavioral: MB-NTB
- Registration Number
- NCT05412511
- Lead Sponsor
- University of Thessaly
- Brief Summary
In this study, the investigators will be able to estimate the metabolic cost of several foundational medicine ball training exercises.
- Detailed Description
Medicine ball training has become a popular cardiovascular training choice in fitness centers and athletic performance enhancement facilities. Despite widespread use and growing popularity, little is known about the metabolic demands of such a training method. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to quantify the cardiovascular and metabolic cost from various foundational medicine ball exercises in order to contribute to a better planning of exercise programs in the real world.
Ten healthy young adults were assigned to execute fourteen bodyweight exercises (acute bout) of which seven exercises will be executed by throwing the medicine ball and seven exercises will be executed without a medicine ball throw. Anthropometric, metabolic, functional capacity and performance measurements were conducted at baseline. The metabolic cost was estimated from heart rate, blood lactate, resting oxygen uptake, exercise oxygen uptake, and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption measurements using a portable gas analyzer.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 10
- Aged between 18 and 35 years
- Physically active individuals
- Free of chronic diseases
- Free of musculoskeletal injuries
- Nonsmokers
- Musculoskeletal injuries
- Chronic diseases
- Use of alcohol, caffeine and any type of ergogenic supplements or medication before (≤6 months) and throughout the study.
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- CROSSOVER
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Training MB-TB Participants in this arm will perform seven medicine ball training exercises (acute bout per exercise) at two different conditions \[Throwing a ball (TB) and no Throwing a ball (NTB)\]. Training MB-NTB Participants in this arm will perform seven medicine ball training exercises (acute bout per exercise) at two different conditions \[Throwing a ball (TB) and no Throwing a ball (NTB)\].
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Change in exercise-induced energy expenditure At pre-exercise, during, and 30 minutes after the exercise session (a single bout lasting 30 seconds) Exercise energy expenditure (kcal) will be measured using a portable indirect calorimetry system
Change in excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) At 1 hour after exercise session (single bout lasting 30 seconds) EPOC (kcal) will be measured using a portable indirect calorimetry system
Change in blood lactate concentration (BLa) At pre-exercise and 3 minutes after exercise session (a single bout lasting 30 seconds) BLa (mmol/L) concentration will be measured in a microphotometer with commercially available kits.
Change in heart rate At pre-exercise, during, and 30 minutes after ther exercise session (a single bout lasting 30 seconds) Heart rate (bpm) will be measured with a wearable heart rate monitor
Change in perceived exertion At pre-exercise, during, and 30 minutes after the exercise session (a single bout lasting 30 seconds) Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) will be measured with the Borg scale (0-10)
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Body weight At baseline Body weight will be measured on a beam balance with stadiometer
Body height At baseline Body height will be measured on a beam balance with stadiometer
Body mass index (BMI) At baseline BMI will be calculated using the Quetelet's equation
Waist circumference (WC) At baseline WC (cm) will be measured using a Gullick II tape
Hip circumference (HC) At baseline HC (cm) will be measured using a Gullick II tape
Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR At baseline WHR will be calculated by dividing the waist by the hip measurement
Resting metabolic rate (RMR) At baseline RMR (kcal) will be measured using a portable open-circuit indirect calorimeter with a ventilated hood system
Body fat (BF) Body fat (%) will be assessed by whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) At baseline BF (%) will be assessed by whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)
Fat mass (FM)t Body fat (%) will be assessed by whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) At baseline FM (kg) will be assessed by whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)
Fat-free mass (FFM) At baseline FFM (kg) will be assessed by whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)
Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) At baseline VO2max (mL/kg/min) will be assessed by a portable open-circuit spirometry system
Maximal strength (1RM) At baseline 1RM (kg) will be measured bilaterally on a horizontal leg press and seated chest press machine.
Muscular endurance At baseline Muscular endurance (repetitions) will be measured on a 1-min curl-up and push-up test.
Functional capacity At baseline Functional capacity will be assessed using a movement-based screening tool titled Functional Movement Screening (FMS). The FMS will be consisted of 7 movement tasks that will be scored from 0 to 3 points and the sum will create score ranging from 0 to 21 points (0 = pain with pattern regardless of quality, 1 = unable to perform pattern, 2 = able to perform pattern with compensation/imperfection, 3 = able to perform pattern as directed)Functional capacity will be assessed using a movement-based screening tool titled Functional Movement Screening (FMS). The FMS will be consisted of 7 movement tasks that will be scored from 0 to 3 points and the sum will create score ranging from 0 to 21 points (0 = pain with pattern regardless of quality, 1 = unable to perform pattern, 2 = able to perform pattern with compensation/imperfection, 3 = able to perform pattern as directed)
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Exercise Biochemistry and Sports Nutrition, School of Physical Education, Sports Sciences and Dietetics, University of Thessaly
🇬🇷Trikala, Greece