Energy Content and Energy Density of Pre-portioned Entrees

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Obesity
• Interventions: Other: Energy density (ED), Energy content

• Registration Number: NCT01349023
• Lead Sponsor: Penn State University

Brief Summary

Pre-portioned entrées are commonly consumed to help control portion size and limit energy intake. Few studies, however, have investigated the influence of the characteristics of pre-portioned entrées on energy intake. This study investigates how the characteristics of solid pre-portioned entrées, specifically, variations in their energy content and energy density influence energy intake over a day. The investigators hypothesize that reducing the energy content and energy density of compulsory entrées will act independently and add together to reduce daily energy intake.

Detailed Description

This experiment uses a crossover design with repeated measures within subjects. One day a week for four weeks, participants are provided with all of their foods and beverages for breakfast, lunch, and dinner meals. Across test days, the entrée at each meal is varied in both energy content and energy density between a standard level (100%) and a reduced level (64% of the standard). Following consumption of a compulsory entrée, a variety of unmanipulated foods will be served for ad libitum consumption. The order of experimental conditions is counterbalanced across the subjects.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2009-01
• Study First Submitted: 2011-05-03
• Study First Submitted QC: 2011-05-05
• Study First Posted: 2011-05-06
• Primary Completion: 2011-12
• Study Completion: 2011-12
• Status Verified: 2012-03
• Last Update Submitted: 2012-03-15
• Last Update Posted: 2012-03-16

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 73

Inclusion Criteria

• regularly eat three meals per day
• do not smoke
• do not have any food allergies or restrictions
• are not athletes in training
• are not dieting
• are not taking medications that would affect appetite
• are willing to consume the foods served in the test meals

Exclusion Criteria

• a score > 40 on the Zung scale
• a score > 20 on the Eating Attitudes Test
• reported known health problems
• weight not maintained within 10 lb during the 6 months before the start of the study

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: CROSSOVER

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Standard Energy content/Standard ED	Energy density (ED), Energy content	-
Standard Energy content/Reduced ED	Energy density (ED), Energy content	-
Reduced Energy content/Standard ED	Energy density (ED), Energy content	-
Reduced Energy content/Reduced ED	Energy density (ED), Energy content	-

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Daily Energy Intake (kcal/day)	1 month

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

The Pennsylvania State University; 🇺🇸 University Park, Pennsylvania, United States