Effect of Amino Acids and Sugar Alcohols on Release of Satiation Peptides and Activation of Specific Brain Regions in Normal Weight and Obese Subjects
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Sponsor
- Enrollment
- 20
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Effect of aminoacids on cerebral blood flow measured by functional brain MRI
Study Overview
Brief Summary
With this study the investigators investigate the effects of amino acids (tryptophan, leucin) and sugar alcohols (xylitol, erythritol) on satiety mechanisms and brain activation.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Crossover
- Primary Purpose
- Prevention
- Masking
- Double (Participant, Investigator)
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to 40 Years (Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- Yes
Inclusion Criteria
- •Healthy normal weight subjects with a body-mass index of 19.0-24.9
- •Healthy obese subjects with a body-mass index of > 30
- •Normal eating habits (no diets; no dietary changes; no special dietary habits such as vegetarian/vegan)
- •Age 18-40 years
- •Stable body weight for at least three months
Exclusion Criteria
- •Substance abuse
- •Regular intake of medications (except for oral contraceptives)
- •Medical or psychiatric illness
- •History of gastrointestinal disorders
- •Food allergies
- •Pregnancy, breast feeding
- •Body piercings that cannot be removed
- •History of claustrophobia
- •Left-hander
Arms & Interventions
1.56 g L-Tryptophan
1.56 g L-Tryptophan in 300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
- after 60 min: 500ml of a mixed liquid meal (Ensure Plus®; 17% protein, 29% fat and 54% carbohydrate) given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: Tap water (Dietary Supplement)
1.56 g L-Leucine
1.56 g L-Leucine in 300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
- after 60 min: 500ml of a mixed liquid meal (Ensure Plus®; 17% protein, 29% fat and 54% carbohydrate) given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: Tap water (Dietary Supplement)
Tap water and mixed liquid meal
300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
- after 60 min: 500ml of a mixed liquid meal (Ensure Plus®; 17% protein, 29% fat and 54% carbohydrate) given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: Tap water (Dietary Supplement)
1.56 g L-Tryptophan
1.56 g L-Tryptophan in 300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
- after 60 min: 500ml of a mixed liquid meal (Ensure Plus®; 17% protein, 29% fat and 54% carbohydrate) given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: Nasogastric Tube (Device)
1.56 g L-Tryptophan
1.56 g L-Tryptophan in 300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
- after 60 min: 500ml of a mixed liquid meal (Ensure Plus®; 17% protein, 29% fat and 54% carbohydrate) given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: 1.56 g L-Tryptophan (Dietary Supplement)
1.56 g L-Tryptophan
1.56 g L-Tryptophan in 300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
- after 60 min: 500ml of a mixed liquid meal (Ensure Plus®; 17% protein, 29% fat and 54% carbohydrate) given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: Mixed liquid meal (Ensure Plus®; 17% protein, 29% fat and 54% carbohydrate) (Dietary Supplement)
1.56 g L-Leucine
1.56 g L-Leucine in 300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
- after 60 min: 500ml of a mixed liquid meal (Ensure Plus®; 17% protein, 29% fat and 54% carbohydrate) given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: Mixed liquid meal (Ensure Plus®; 17% protein, 29% fat and 54% carbohydrate) (Dietary Supplement)
1.56 g L-Leucine
1.56 g L-Leucine in 300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
- after 60 min: 500ml of a mixed liquid meal (Ensure Plus®; 17% protein, 29% fat and 54% carbohydrate) given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: Nasogastric Tube (Device)
1.56 g L-Leucine
1.56 g L-Leucine in 300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
- after 60 min: 500ml of a mixed liquid meal (Ensure Plus®; 17% protein, 29% fat and 54% carbohydrate) given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: 1.56 g L-Leucine (Dietary Supplement)
50 g Xylitol
50 g Xylitol in 300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: 50 g Xylitol (Dietary Supplement)
50 g Xylitol
50 g Xylitol in 300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: Nasogastric Tube (Device)
75 g Erythritol
75 g Erythritol in 300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: 75 g Erythritol (Dietary Supplement)
75 g Erythritol
75 g Erythritol in 300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: Nasogastric Tube (Device)
75 g Glucose and mixed liquid meal
75 g Glucose in 300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
- after 60 min: 500ml of a mixed liquid meal (Ensure Plus®; 17% protein, 29% fat and 54% carbohydrate) given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: 75 g Glucose (Dietary Supplement)
75 g Glucose and mixed liquid meal
75 g Glucose in 300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
- after 60 min: 500ml of a mixed liquid meal (Ensure Plus®; 17% protein, 29% fat and 54% carbohydrate) given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: Mixed liquid meal (Ensure Plus®; 17% protein, 29% fat and 54% carbohydrate) (Dietary Supplement)
75 g Glucose and mixed liquid meal
75 g Glucose in 300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
- after 60 min: 500ml of a mixed liquid meal (Ensure Plus®; 17% protein, 29% fat and 54% carbohydrate) given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: Nasogastric Tube (Device)
Tap water and mixed liquid meal
300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
- after 60 min: 500ml of a mixed liquid meal (Ensure Plus®; 17% protein, 29% fat and 54% carbohydrate) given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: Mixed liquid meal (Ensure Plus®; 17% protein, 29% fat and 54% carbohydrate) (Dietary Supplement)
Tap water and mixed liquid meal
300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
- after 60 min: 500ml of a mixed liquid meal (Ensure Plus®; 17% protein, 29% fat and 54% carbohydrate) given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: Nasogastric Tube (Device)
50 g Xylitol
50 g Xylitol in 300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: Tap water (Dietary Supplement)
75 g Glucose and mixed liquid meal
75 g Glucose in 300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
- after 60 min: 500ml of a mixed liquid meal (Ensure Plus®; 17% protein, 29% fat and 54% carbohydrate) given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: Tap water (Dietary Supplement)
75 g Erythritol
75 g Erythritol in 300 mL tap water given via nasogastric tube
Intervention: Tap water (Dietary Supplement)
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Effect of aminoacids on cerebral blood flow measured by functional brain MRI
Time Frame: changes from baseline to one hour after treatment
Effect of sugar alcohols on cerebral blood flow measured by functional brain MRI
Time Frame: changes from baseline to one hour after treatment
Secondary Outcomes
- Measurement of Plasma PYY concentrations(changes from baseline to three hours after treatment)
- Measurement of Plasma ghrelin concentrations(changes from baseline to three hours after treatment)
- Measurement of Plasma Glucose concentrations(changes from baseline to three hours after treatment)
- Measurement of Plasma Insulin concentrations(changes from baseline to three hours after treatment)
- Measurement of Plasma cholecystokinin concentrations(changes from baseline to three hours after treatment)
- Measurement of Plasma Glucagon-like Peptide (GLP-1) concentrations(changes from baseline to three hours after treatment)