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Efficacy of Betalactam Antibiotics in Prolonged Infusion Compared to Intermittent in Pediatric Patients With Sepsis

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Sepsis
Interventions
Drug: Continuous Piperacillin/tazobactam
Drug: Intermittent Piperacillin/tazobactam
Registration Number
NCT03019965
Lead Sponsor
Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Mexico
Brief Summary

This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of the administration of betalactam antibiotics in prolonged infusion compared to intermittent infusion in children with sepsis. Half of participants will receive piperacillin/tazobactam, imipenem or meropenem in continuous or extended infusion, while the other half will receive piperacillin/tazobactam, imipenem or meropenem in intermittent infusion.

Detailed Description

Sepsis is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalised patients globally. Betalactams are time-dependent antibiotics, and so, the duration of time for which the free drug plasma concentration remains above the minimum inhibitory concentration (fT \> MIC) is the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic index associated with bacterial killing and clinical improvement. Numerous studies have demonstrated that continuous infusion (infusion in 24 hours) and extended infusion (through prolonging the infusion time to greater than 3 hours) allows the maintenance of concentrations above the MIC for a longer period of time within the dosing interval (30 minute or 1 hour), and so, capitalises on the pharmacodynamic properties of betalactams and maximises bacterial killing, therefore potentially improving clinical outcomes. In adult patients, the several studies suggest that prolonged infusion may offer clinical benefits and significant reduction in mortality without increasing the risk of toxicity, however, there is limited information about these dosing strategies in pediatric patients.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
426
Inclusion Criteria
  • Patients diagnosed with sepsis, who have been evaluated by an infectious physician and are candidates to receive piperacillin/tazobactam, imipenem or meropenem as empiric treatment.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Patients with a history of allergy to one or more of the proposed antibiotics.
  • Patients with chronic kidney disease or acute renal failure.
  • Patients with acute liver failure of any cause.
  • Patients in palliative or supportive care only.

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Continuous Piperacillin/tazobactamContinuous Piperacillin/tazobactamPiperacillin/tazobactam initial doses 75mg/kg in 30 minutes infusion, immediately thereafter continue 300mg/kg/day, diluted in 5% glucose solution, at a concentration of 50mg/ml, to be administered in 24 hours infusion every 24 hours, as determined by antibiotic stability at room temperature.
Intermittent Piperacillin/tazobactamIntermittent Piperacillin/tazobactamPiperacillin/tazobactam 300mg/kg/day, divided into 4 doses/day, diluted in 5% glucose solution, at a concentration of 50mg/ml, to be administered in 30 minutes infusion every 6 hours.
Intermittent ImipenemIntermittent ImipenemImipenem 80mg/kg/day, divided into 4 doses/day, diluted in 0.9% saline solution, at a concentration of 7mg/ml, to be administered in 60 minutes infusion every 6 hours.
Intermittent MeropenemIntermittent MeropenemMeropenem 100mg/kg/day, divided into 3 doses/day, diluted in 0.9% saline solution, at a concentration of 7mg/ml, to be administered in 60 minutes every 8 hours.
Extended MeropenemExtended MeropenemMeropenem initial doses 35mg/kg in 60 minutes infusion, immediately thereafter continue 100mg/kg/day, divided into 3 doses/day, diluted in 0.9% saline solution at a concentration of 7mg/ml, to be administered in 8 hours infusion every 8 hours, as determined by antibiotic stability at room temperature.
Extended ImipenemExtended ImipenemImipenem initial doses 20mg/kg in 60 minutes infusion, immediately thereafter continue 80mg/kg/day, divided into 4 doses/day, diluted in 0.9% saline solution, at a concentration of 7mg/ml, to be administered in 6 hours infusion every 6 hours, as determined by antibiotic stability at room temperature.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Number of Participants With Clinical ResponseNumber of participants with clinical response at 14 days after antibiotic cessation, up to an average of 28 days or the day of your discharge if this occurred before 14 days after antibiotic cessation.

Resolution. Disappearance of all signs and symptoms related to the infection.

Failure. Insufficient lessening of the signs and symptoms of infection to qualify as improvement, including death or indeterminate (no evaluation possible, for any reason).

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Number of Participants With Adverse EventsNumber of participants with adverse events evaluated by an physician at the time of administration of antibiotics, up to an average to 24 hours after the study drug cessation.

Any harmful, undesirable, potentially serious and life threatening effects occurring during or after administration of the antibiotics proposed in this study (piperacillin / tazobactam, imipenem or meropenem), was evaluated as: none or adverse event classified according to the intensity of the clinical manifestation (severity) as: mild, moderate or severe and for each antibiotic.

Trial Locations

Locations (2)

Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez

🇲🇽

Mexico, Distrito Federal, Mexico

Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social

🇲🇽

Mexico, Distrito Federal, Mexico

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