The Relationship Between Paternal Support, Breastfeeding Adaptation, and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy: Evidence From a Pregnancy School
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 85
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Postpartum Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form
研究概览
简要总结
This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effect of paternal support on breastfeeding adaptation and breastfeeding self-efficacy among mothers attending a structured pregnancy school program. The study is conducted at Zeynep Kamil Women and Children's Diseases Training and Research Hospital in Istanbul, Türkiye, and includes pregnant women and their partners.
Participants are assigned to an experimental group (attending the program as a couple) or a control group (mother attends alone) using random allocation. Data are collected through validated self-report scales administered during the postpartum period. The primary outcomes include changes in maternal breastfeeding adaptation and self-efficacy, and paternal breastfeeding self-efficacy. This study addresses a critical gap in perinatal care by actively involving fathers in breastfeeding support and education, aiming to improve breastfeeding outcomes and promote shared parenting roles.
详细描述
Detailed Description This randomized controlled experimental study investigates the effect of paternal support on breastfeeding adaptation and breastfeeding self-efficacy in mothers, using a sample drawn from participants in a pregnancy school. The study is designed in accordance with ethical principles and has received institutional review board approval.
Background and Rationale:
Breastfeeding is universally recognized as the normative standard for infant nutrition due to its numerous short- and long-term benefits for both infants and mothers. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF, exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first six months of life, followed by continued breastfeeding up to two years or beyond. Despite this, global breastfeeding rates remain suboptimal. In Türkiye, exclusive breastfeeding rates are approximately 40.7% in the first six months, and only about 30% of children continue breastfeeding until age two (TDHS, 2018).
Multiple factors influence breastfeeding duration and maternal success, one of which is the presence of social and emotional support-particularly from the infant's father. Research shows that paternal attitudes and involvement significantly influence mothers' confidence and determination to breastfeed. Fathers' support in the early postpartum period contributes positively to both maternal mental health and infant care outcomes. However, fathers are often not actively included in perinatal education or breastfeeding promotion strategies, despite evidence supporting their crucial role.
Aim:
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Supportive Care
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 65 Years（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Pregnant women aged 18 to 49 years enrolled in a pregnancy school. Male partners of the enrolled pregnant women, aged 18 to 64 years. Residing in Istanbul during the study period. Able to participate in face-to-face interviews. Able to understand and speak Turkish. Able to communicate via telephone and use digital platforms (e.g., WhatsApp, Telegram, email).
- •No physical or mental disability. Willing to participate and provide signed informed consent.
排除标准
- •Presence of any physical or mental disability. Unwillingness to participate in the study. Irregular attendance in pregnancy school sessions. Prior participation by either partner in the same pregnancy education program.
研究组 & 干预措施
Pregnant women attending the pregnancy school with their spouses
Participants in this group attended a six-week structured pregnancy education program together with their spouses. The program included sessions on pregnancy care, labor, breastfeeding, newborn care, and postpartum health. Data on breastfeeding adaptation and self-efficacy were collected from both mothers and fathers during the postpartum period.
干预措施: Father-Inclusive Antenatal Education Program (Behavioral)
Pregnant Women Attending the Pregnancy School Alone
Participants in this group attended the six-week structured pregnancy education program without their spouses. While the fathers did not participate in the program or receive any intervention, data were collected from both mothers and fathers during the postpartum period. This group served as a control to evaluate the effects of paternal involvement in antenatal education on breastfeeding outcomes.
结局指标
主要结局
Postpartum Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form
时间窗: 4 week
This scale was developed by Dennis in 2003 to assess breastfeeding self-efficacy during the postpartum period and was adapted into Turkish by Aluş et al. (2008) with validity and reliability established (Tokat Aluş et al., 2010). The scale consists of 14 items on a 5-point Likert scale. There are no reverse-scored items, and total scores range from a minimum of 14 to a maximum of 70. Higher scores indicate greater breastfeeding self-efficacy. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the original scale was reported as 0.94.
Breastfeeding Adaptation Scale
时间窗: 4 week
This scale was developed by Sun-Hee Kim (2009) to evaluate adaptation to breastfeeding. The Turkish version was validated by Dinçel and Özdilek (2021). It is a 5-point Likert-type scale consisting of 8 subdimensions. Total scores range from 27 to 135, with higher scores indicating greater adaptation to breastfeeding. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was reported as 0.78.
Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form for Fathers
时间窗: 4 week
This scale was developed to assess fathers' perspectives and perceived effectiveness about breastfeeding. The Turkish validity and reliability study was conducted by Kucukoglu et al. (2022). The scale is self-reported, unidimensional, and consists of 14 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale. There are no reverse-scored items, and total scores range from 14 to 70. Higher scores indicate greater paternal breastfeeding self-efficacy. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was reported as 0.93.
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Zehra Gürsoy
PhN(c) Lecturer
Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi