Effects of Rhythmic Balance Auditory Vision Training And Strength Training With Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Not Applicable

Completed

Interventions: Other: Rhythmic balance visual auditory exercise + Routine physical therapy
Other: Strength Training + Routine Physical Therapy

Brief Summary: Autism, a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that is marked by limited interests, and challenges in communication and social interactions and problem includes difficulties in understanding and responding to social cues, repetitive behaviors, intense focus on specific interests, and challenges with verbal and nonverbal communication. Rhythmic Balance Auditory Vision Training (RBAVT) a therapeutic approach which helps in improving coordination and balance in individuals with various neurological conditions. Strength training enhance physical health and muscle development. Thus, the purpose of this study is to compare the effects of rhythmic balance auditory vision training and strength training on motor function and cognition in children with autism spectrum disorder.

Detailed Description: This randomized clinical trial will be conducted in Autism center Lahore. Sample of 76 patients will be recruited in this trial by using the convenience sampling technique. Participants will be randomly allocated in two groups using lottery method. Group A will receive Rhythmic balance visual auditory exercise. Group B will receive strength training exercises. Both groups will receive routine physical therapy as baseline treatment. All the participants will receive 3 sessions per week for 12 weeks.Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT-2) will be used assessment tool to measure fine and gross motor skills and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) will be assessment tool that evaluates cognitive flexibility and problem-solving abilities.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Age range between 6 and 12 years.
Rating Scale (CARS) with scores ranging from 30 to 36.
Confirmation of the diagnosis of autism by a psychiatrist based on Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental Disorders.
Physical and cognitive ability

Exclusion Criteria

Children with history of auditory, visual, or respiratory deficits, or fixed deformities of the extremities.
Medical contraindications such as orthopedic or acute conditions that hinder participation in the exercise program.
History of psychotropic medication within the last 4 weeks.

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Group A (Rhythmic Training+ Routine Physical therapy)	Rhythmic balance visual auditory exercise + Routine physical therapy	Rhythmic balance auditory vision training will be given thrice a week for 8 weeks. it is a 45 minute training program that consist of: 1. 5 minute warm up activities (arm swings). 2. Bal-A-Vis-X training thrice a week for 20 minutes. 3. 5-minute cool down activities. Routine Physical therapy treatment for 15 minutes
Group B (Strength Training+ Routine Physical Therapy)	Strength Training + Routine Physical Therapy	Strength training Program will be performed thrice a week for 8 weeks. session of 45 minute will be given to the patient. The expert managed sessions based on: 10-min warm-up activities, 25-min basic exercise 10- min cool-down activities.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT-2)	12th week	The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT-2) is a widely used assessment tool to measure fine and gross motor skills in individuals aged 4 to 20. It evaluates various aspects of motor proficiency, including running speed, balance, coordination, and fine motor control. The test helps identify motor skill strengths and weaknesses to aid in intervention and treatment planning. The BOTMP test is a valid assessment tool with 8 subscales (53 sections) for evaluating motor functions. The shortened version has 8 subscales (14 sections), assessing gross motor skills (4 subscales), fine motor skills (3 subscales), and a subscale evaluating both. Its test-retest reliability stands at 87%.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST)	12th week	The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) is a psychological assessment tool that evaluates cognitive flexibility and problem-solving abilities. The WCST includes 4 stimulus cards and 128 response Cards. One red triangle, 2 green stars, 3 yellow crosses, or 4 blue circles are demonstrated in the stimulus cards. The 128 response cards contain pictures combining different shapes (triangles, stars, crosses, \& circles), colors (red, blue, yellow, \& green), and numbers (1, 2, 3, or 4). The cards are presented on a screen in the computer Version of the WCST. The participant has to choose an Answer card for matching with one of the 4 key cards Based on its potential characteristics with 4 cards. The reliability estimates for the accurate sorts, categories, and perseverative errors were within the favorable range (rel ≥ .90)