Lactate in High-risk Cardiac Surgery
- Conditions
- Continuous Lactate MeasurementsCardiosurgery
- Interventions
- Device: Eirus continuous lactate monitor
- Registration Number
- NCT02568969
- Lead Sponsor
- Northern State Medical University
- Brief Summary
The major combined interventions are between challenging and high-risk aspects of current cardiosurgical practice. The results of operation may be hampered by unexpected anatomic and technical features influencing the surgical approach as well as cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), anesthesia, and respiratory support.
Plasma lactate concentration is a routine clinical indicator of the tissue oxygen shortage, and is routinely monitored in virtually all in-risk surgical and ICU patients. However, the discrete measurement of these values among with other biochemical values has a major drawback and continuous measurement can be beneficial.
The aim of our study is to assess the clinical usefulness and rationale for routine use of continuous monitoring of lactate in high-risk combined/complex cardiac surgery.
- Detailed Description
The combination of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), repair of valve pathology and/or valve replacement remains a challenging and high-risk aspect of current cardiosurgical practice. Direct and indirect results of surgery are affected by the variety of factors including patient's age, general condition, preoperative severity of heart dysfunction and remodeling, etc. In addition, the results of operation may be hampered by unexpected anatomic and technical features influencing the surgical approach as well as duration of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and aortic cross clamping, anesthesia, intensive care and respiratory support.
The combined and complex cardiac surgery requires CPB, which, in parallel with increased duration of intervention, induces systemic inflammatory response and ischemia-reperfusion injury. These pathophysiological mechanisms include activation of cytokines, complement, neutrophils, monocytes, endothelium and platelets. Neutrophil sequestration in the vital organs in response to chemotaxis and release of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory mediators may result in tissue hypoperfusion and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, contributing to development of postoperative complications and adverse outcomes.
To alleviate CPB-induced systemic inflammatory response and organ-specific injury, different interventions exist, including meticulous hemodynamic and metabolic monitoring followed by goal-directed therapy. Several recent studies from our group and other authors have clearly demonstrated the beneficial effects of such an approach in cardiac surgery. In these settings, when the extraction of O2 on cellular level may be severely disturbed, the complex analysis of changes in tissue perfusion and oxygenation before adjusting the therapy may be useful.
Current technique of continuous monitoring of lactate using Eirus system has a potential to broaden our knowledge in this clinical scenario and reinforce a decision-making in high-risk cardiac surgery. Hence, continuous measurement of lactate may be a valuable adjunct to routine hemodynamic parameters and blood gases, facilitating changes in fluid therapy and inotrope/vasopressor support for the achievement an adequate balance between oxygen demand and delivery. Combination of continuously measured lactate with monitoring of cardiac output, mixed and central venous saturation and Pv-aCO2 seems to be an attractive approach to "global view" on the systemic oxygen transport at the bedside. Recently, the continuous monitoring of lactate has been validated in a pilot clinical study in cardiosurgical patients mostly with isolated CABG and aortic valve replacement with relatively short-term CPB, however its' role in combined cardiac surgery with prolonged CPB, representing the important setting for lactate-guided therapy, remains unsettled.
Thus, the aim of our study is to assess the use of continuous monitoring of lactate in high-risk combined/complex cardiac surgery.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 21
- Informed consent.
- Age above 18 years.
- Presence of coronary artery disease and/or valve regurgitation and/or stenosis
- Elective complex (two and more valves) and combined (valve + CABG) cardiac surgery requiring CPB with expected duration > 90 min.
- Participation in any other study.
- Morbid obesity (BWI > 40).
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- SINGLE_GROUP
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Lactate monitoring Eirus continuous lactate monitor The patients in the group will be subjected to the continuous perioperative monitoring of the venous blood lactate
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Hyperlactatemia 0-24 hrs Presence of hyperlactatemia (\> 2.0 mmol/l) in the intra- and postoperative period.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Cardiac index 0-24 hrs The incidence of low cardiac index (\< 2,5 l/min/m2) The organ failure is to be diagnosed according to the well defined criteria
Respiratory distress 0-24 hrs The incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome (PaO2 / FiO2 \< 300 mm Hg)
Acute kidney injury 0-24 hrs The incidence of acute kidney injury according to KDIGO criteria
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
City hospital # 1 / Northern State Medical University,
🇷🇺Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation