Study of CLAG + Selinexor in Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Phase 1

Completed

Conditions: Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Interventions: Drug: Selinexor
Drug: Cladribine
Drug: G-CSF
Drug: Cytarabine
Procedure: Bone marrow biopsy

Registration Number: NCT02416908

Lead Sponsor: Washington University School of Medicine

Brief Summary: Selinexor has shown single-agent activity in a current phase I study enrolling patients with relapsed/refractory AML with durable complete remissions (CR), complete remissions with incomplete hematologic recovery (CRi), partial remissions (PR), and stable disease (SD) observed. Furthermore, common toxicities included nausea, fatigue, and anorexia and were manageable with supportive care agents. Additionally, CLAG chemotherapy has proven activity in relapsed and refractory AML, and has been shown to be a relatively well tolerated regimen without significant non-hematologic toxicity. Given the established role of CLAG chemotherapy, the single agent activity of selinexor, and their non-overlapping toxicities, the investigators propose a phase I/II open label study of selinexor in combination with CLAG for the treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory AML.

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 40

Inclusion Criteria

Histologically confirmed AML (defined using WHO criteria) with one of the following:
- Primary refractory disease following ≤ 2 cycles of induction chemotherapy, or
- First relapse with no prior unsuccessful salvage chemotherapy, or
- Relapsed or refractory to hypomethylating agent, defined as a lack of response, disease progression, loss of response, or intolerance as deemed by the study investigator
Age between 18 and 70 years old.
ECOG performance status ≤ 3
Adequate organ function as defined below:
- AST(SGOT), ALT(SGPT), total bilirubin ≤ 2 x IULN except when in the opinion of treating physician is due to direct involvement of leukemia (eg. hepatic infiltration or biliary obstruction due to leukemia) or Gilbert's disease
- Creatinine clearance >50 ml/min, calculated using the formula of Cockroft and Gault: (140-Age) x Mass (kg) / (72 x Creatinine mg/dL); multiply by 0.85 if female.
- Left ventricular ejection fraction of ≥ 40% by MUGA scan or echocardiogram
To ensure that no patient will receive a dose of selinexor >70mg/m^2, body surface area (BSA) calculated by Dubois method must be >1.43 m^2
Patients should not become pregnant or father a baby while on this study because the drugs in this study can affect an unborn baby. Women should not breastfeed a baby while on this study. It is important patients understand the need to use birth control while on this study. It is not anticipated that female patients enrolling in this study will be able to conceive. However, in the rare event that this is possible, female patients of child-bearing potential must agree to use dual methods of contraception and have a negative serum pregnancy test at screening, and male patients must use an effective barrier method of contraception if sexually active with a female of child-bearing potential. Acceptable methods of contraception are condoms with contraceptive foam, oral, implantable or injectable contraceptives, contraceptive patch, intrauterine device, diaphragm with spermicidal gel, or a sexual partner who is surgically sterilized or post-menopausal. For both male and female patients, effective methods of contraception must be used throughout the study and for three months following the last dose.
Ability to understand and willingness to sign an IRB approved written informed consent document (or that of legally authorized representative, if applicable).

Exclusion Criteria

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (AML with t(15;17)(q22;q11) and variants).
Previous treatment with CLAG or other chemotherapy regimen containing both cladribine and cytarabine.
Colony stimulating factors within 2 weeks of study.
Active graft versus host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. At least 2 months must have elapsed since completion of an allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Less than 2 weeks from the completion of any previous cytotoxic chemotherapy (with the exception of hydroxyurea).
Concurrent active malignancy under treatment except prostate or breast cancer undergoing treatment with hormonal therapy.
Treatment with any investigational agent within three weeks prior to first dose in this study.
Active CNS involvement with leukemia.
Unstable cardiovascular function:
- symptomatic ischemia, or
- uncontrolled clinically significant conduction abnormalities (i.e. ventricular tachycardia on antiarrhythmics are excluded and 1st degree AV block or asymptomatic LAFB/RBBB will not be excluded), or
- congestive heart failure (CHF) of NYHA class ≥3, or
- myocardial infarction (MI) within 3 months
A history of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to KPT-330 or other agents used in the study.
Uncontrolled infection requiring parenteral antibiotics, antivirals, or antifungals within one week prior to first dose. Infections controlled on concurrent anti-microbial agents are acceptable, and anti-microbial prophylaxis per institutional guidelines is acceptable.
Any medical condition which, in the investigator's opinion, could compromise the patient's safety.
Pregnant and/or breastfeeding. Patient must have a negative urine pregnancy test within 5 days of study entry.
Unable to swallow tablets, or diagnosed malabsorption syndrome, or any other disease significantly affecting gastrointestinal function.
Known active hepatitis B virus (HBV) or C virus (HCV) infection; or known to be positive for HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) or HBsAg (HBV surface antigen).
Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
Serious psychiatric or medical conditions that could interfere with treatment.

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: SEQUENTIAL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Phase I Schedule A (selinexor)	Bone marrow biopsy	* Selinexor will be dosed on Days 1, 5, 10, and 12 of the 28-day cycle. All doses will be 60 mg each PO. * Single agent selinexor maintenance may be given at 60 mg on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 (4 doses per 28 day cycle). * Cladribine will be given 5 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * G-CSF will be given 300 mcg SC once daily on Days 3-8. * Cytarabine will be given 2000 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * Bone marrow biopsy will be performed at baseline, Day 3, at time of hematopoietic recovery, and as clinically indicated to assess treatment response.
Phase I Schedule B (selinexor)	Selinexor	* Selinexor will be dosed on Days 1, 5, 10, 12, 17, and 19 of the 28-day cycle. All doses will be 60 mg each PO. * Single agent selinexor maintenance may be given at 60 mg on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 (4 doses per 28 day cycle). * Cladribine will be given 5 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * G-CSF will be given 300 mcg SC once daily on Days 3-8. * Cytarabine will be given 2000 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * Bone marrow biopsy will be performed at baseline, Day 3, at time of hematopoietic recovery, and as clinically indicated to assess treatment response.
Phase I Schedule B (selinexor)	Bone marrow biopsy	* Selinexor will be dosed on Days 1, 5, 10, 12, 17, and 19 of the 28-day cycle. All doses will be 60 mg each PO. * Single agent selinexor maintenance may be given at 60 mg on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 (4 doses per 28 day cycle). * Cladribine will be given 5 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * G-CSF will be given 300 mcg SC once daily on Days 3-8. * Cytarabine will be given 2000 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * Bone marrow biopsy will be performed at baseline, Day 3, at time of hematopoietic recovery, and as clinically indicated to assess treatment response.
Phase II (selinexor)	Bone marrow biopsy	* Selinexor will be given at the schedule as determined in Phase 1. * Single agent selinexor maintenance may be given at 60 mg on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 (4 doses per 28 day cycle). * Cladribine will be given 5 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * G-CSF will be given 300 mcg SC once daily on Days 3-8. * Cytarabine will be given 2000 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * Bone marrow biopsy will be performed at baseline, Day 3, at time of hematopoietic recovery, and as clinically indicated to assess treatment response.
Phase I Schedule A (selinexor)	Selinexor	* Selinexor will be dosed on Days 1, 5, 10, and 12 of the 28-day cycle. All doses will be 60 mg each PO. * Single agent selinexor maintenance may be given at 60 mg on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 (4 doses per 28 day cycle). * Cladribine will be given 5 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * G-CSF will be given 300 mcg SC once daily on Days 3-8. * Cytarabine will be given 2000 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * Bone marrow biopsy will be performed at baseline, Day 3, at time of hematopoietic recovery, and as clinically indicated to assess treatment response.
Phase I Schedule A (selinexor)	Cladribine	* Selinexor will be dosed on Days 1, 5, 10, and 12 of the 28-day cycle. All doses will be 60 mg each PO. * Single agent selinexor maintenance may be given at 60 mg on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 (4 doses per 28 day cycle). * Cladribine will be given 5 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * G-CSF will be given 300 mcg SC once daily on Days 3-8. * Cytarabine will be given 2000 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * Bone marrow biopsy will be performed at baseline, Day 3, at time of hematopoietic recovery, and as clinically indicated to assess treatment response.
Phase I Schedule A (selinexor)	G-CSF	* Selinexor will be dosed on Days 1, 5, 10, and 12 of the 28-day cycle. All doses will be 60 mg each PO. * Single agent selinexor maintenance may be given at 60 mg on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 (4 doses per 28 day cycle). * Cladribine will be given 5 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * G-CSF will be given 300 mcg SC once daily on Days 3-8. * Cytarabine will be given 2000 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * Bone marrow biopsy will be performed at baseline, Day 3, at time of hematopoietic recovery, and as clinically indicated to assess treatment response.
Phase I Schedule A (selinexor)	Cytarabine	* Selinexor will be dosed on Days 1, 5, 10, and 12 of the 28-day cycle. All doses will be 60 mg each PO. * Single agent selinexor maintenance may be given at 60 mg on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 (4 doses per 28 day cycle). * Cladribine will be given 5 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * G-CSF will be given 300 mcg SC once daily on Days 3-8. * Cytarabine will be given 2000 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * Bone marrow biopsy will be performed at baseline, Day 3, at time of hematopoietic recovery, and as clinically indicated to assess treatment response.
Phase I Schedule B (selinexor)	Cladribine	* Selinexor will be dosed on Days 1, 5, 10, 12, 17, and 19 of the 28-day cycle. All doses will be 60 mg each PO. * Single agent selinexor maintenance may be given at 60 mg on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 (4 doses per 28 day cycle). * Cladribine will be given 5 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * G-CSF will be given 300 mcg SC once daily on Days 3-8. * Cytarabine will be given 2000 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * Bone marrow biopsy will be performed at baseline, Day 3, at time of hematopoietic recovery, and as clinically indicated to assess treatment response.
Phase I Schedule B (selinexor)	G-CSF	* Selinexor will be dosed on Days 1, 5, 10, 12, 17, and 19 of the 28-day cycle. All doses will be 60 mg each PO. * Single agent selinexor maintenance may be given at 60 mg on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 (4 doses per 28 day cycle). * Cladribine will be given 5 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * G-CSF will be given 300 mcg SC once daily on Days 3-8. * Cytarabine will be given 2000 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * Bone marrow biopsy will be performed at baseline, Day 3, at time of hematopoietic recovery, and as clinically indicated to assess treatment response.
Phase I Schedule B (selinexor)	Cytarabine	* Selinexor will be dosed on Days 1, 5, 10, 12, 17, and 19 of the 28-day cycle. All doses will be 60 mg each PO. * Single agent selinexor maintenance may be given at 60 mg on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 (4 doses per 28 day cycle). * Cladribine will be given 5 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * G-CSF will be given 300 mcg SC once daily on Days 3-8. * Cytarabine will be given 2000 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * Bone marrow biopsy will be performed at baseline, Day 3, at time of hematopoietic recovery, and as clinically indicated to assess treatment response.
Phase II (selinexor)	Selinexor	* Selinexor will be given at the schedule as determined in Phase 1. * Single agent selinexor maintenance may be given at 60 mg on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 (4 doses per 28 day cycle). * Cladribine will be given 5 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * G-CSF will be given 300 mcg SC once daily on Days 3-8. * Cytarabine will be given 2000 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * Bone marrow biopsy will be performed at baseline, Day 3, at time of hematopoietic recovery, and as clinically indicated to assess treatment response.
Phase II (selinexor)	Cytarabine	* Selinexor will be given at the schedule as determined in Phase 1. * Single agent selinexor maintenance may be given at 60 mg on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 (4 doses per 28 day cycle). * Cladribine will be given 5 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * G-CSF will be given 300 mcg SC once daily on Days 3-8. * Cytarabine will be given 2000 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * Bone marrow biopsy will be performed at baseline, Day 3, at time of hematopoietic recovery, and as clinically indicated to assess treatment response.
Phase II (selinexor)	G-CSF	* Selinexor will be given at the schedule as determined in Phase 1. * Single agent selinexor maintenance may be given at 60 mg on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 (4 doses per 28 day cycle). * Cladribine will be given 5 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * G-CSF will be given 300 mcg SC once daily on Days 3-8. * Cytarabine will be given 2000 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * Bone marrow biopsy will be performed at baseline, Day 3, at time of hematopoietic recovery, and as clinically indicated to assess treatment response.
Phase II (selinexor)	Cladribine	* Selinexor will be given at the schedule as determined in Phase 1. * Single agent selinexor maintenance may be given at 60 mg on Days 1, 8, 15, and 22 (4 doses per 28 day cycle). * Cladribine will be given 5 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * G-CSF will be given 300 mcg SC once daily on Days 3-8. * Cytarabine will be given 2000 mg/m\^2/day IV once daily on Days 4-8. * Bone marrow biopsy will be performed at baseline, Day 3, at time of hematopoietic recovery, and as clinically indicated to assess treatment response.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Safety and Tolerability of Treatment as Measured by Incidence of Grade 3-4 Adverse Events Occurring in >5% of Participants	From start of treatment until 30 days following last day of study treatment or until the start of a subsequent treatment for AML, whichever came first (41 days)	-All adverse events will be classified using the descriptions and grading scales found in the revised NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v4.0
Complete Remission Rate (CR + CRi)	Median follow-up of 34 days	* Morphologic complete remission (CR): neutrophil count \> 1.0 x 109 /L, platelet count ≥ 100 x 109/L, \< 5% bone marrow blasts by morphologic review, no Auer rods, no evidence of extramedullary disease. (No requirements for marrow cellularity, hemoglobin concentration). * Morphologic complete remission with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi): same as CR but ANC may be \<1000/mcl or platelet count \<100,000/mcl * Participants in the phase I portion of the study, treated at the MTD will count towards the phase II accrual goal for evaluation of the primary endpoint.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Time to Platelet Engraftment	56 days	-Time to platelet engraftment: Defined as the date of the first dose of study drug to the date that the platelet count is \>100,000/mm\^3 in the absence of platelet transfusions.
Overall Survival	Up to 2 years (median follow-up of 307 days)	Overall survival (OS): Defined as the date of first dose of study drug to the date of death from any cause. OS will be evaluated at 3 month intervals for at least 12 months and up to a maximum of 2 years.
Time to Neutrophil Engraftment	Up to 2 years	-Time to neutrophil engraftment: Defined as the date of the first dose of study drug to the date that the absolute neutrophil count is \>1,000/mm3
Number of Participants Who Were Able to Undergo Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation	Up to 2 years (median follow-up of 307 days)	Allogeneic stem cell transplant utilization: the number of patients proceeding to allogeneic transplant within 2 months following end of study without any additional salvage therapy following study treatment.
Duration of Remission	Up to 2 years	-Duration of remission (DOR): Defined as the interval from the date complete remission is documented to the date of recurrence.
Event-free Survival	Up to 2 years (median follow-up of 307 days)	Event-free survival (EFS): Defined as the interval from the date of first dose of study drug to date of treatment failure including progressive disease, recurrence, or discontinuation for any reason (including toxicity, patient preference, initiation of new treatment without documented progression, or death due to any cause).
Relapse-free Survival	Median follow-up of 307 days	Relapse-free survival (RFS): For patients achieving a complete remission, defined as the interval from the date of first documentation of a leukemia free state to date of recurrence or death due to any cause.