阿糖胞苷 (Cytosar, Vyxeos, Vyxeos liposomal (previously Vyxeos))

概览

Cytarabine is a pyrimidine nucleoside analogue used to treat acute non-lymphocytic leukemia, lymphocytic leukemia, and the blast phase of chronic myelocytic leukemia.

作用机制

Cytarabine acts through direct DNA damage and incorporation into DNA. Cytarabine is cytotoxic to a wide variety of proliferating mammalian cells in culture. It exhibits cell phase specificity, primarily killing cells undergoing DNA synthesis (S-phase) and under certain conditions blocking the progression of cells from the G1 phase to the S-phase. Although the mechanism of action is not completely understood, it appears that cytarabine acts through the inhibition of DNA polymerase. A limited, but significant, incorporation of cytarabine into both DNA and RNA has also been reported.

适应症

For the treatment of acute non-lymphocytic leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia and blast phase of chronic myelocytic leukemia. Cytarabine is indicated in combination with daunorubicin for the treatment of newly-diagnosed therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) or AML with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC) in adults and pediatric patients 1 year and older.

• Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
• Acute Myeloid Leukemia
• Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Myelodysplasia-Related Changes
• Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
• Meningeal leukemia
• Metastatic Malignant Neoplasm to the Leptomeninges
• Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL)
• Treatment-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia
• Blast phase Chronic myeloid leukemia