A Phase I Study of the Safety and Immunogenicity of a Single Dose of the Recombinant Live-Attenuated Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine RSV LID ΔM2-2, Lot RSV#007A, Delivered as Nose Drops to RSV-Seronegative Infants and Children 6 to 24 Months of Age
Overview
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Intervention
- Not specified
- Conditions
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections
- Sponsor
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
- Enrollment
- 3
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Proportion of participants that develop 4-fold or greater rises in RSV neutralizing antibody titer following vaccination
- Status
- Completed
- Last Updated
- 9 years ago
Overview
Brief Summary
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of illness in infants and children around the world. This study will evaluate the safety and immune response to an RSV vaccine in RSV-seronegative infants and children.
This study is a companion study to IMPAACT 2000.
Detailed Description
RSV is the most common viral cause of serious acute lower respiratory illness (LRI) in infants and children under 5 years of age in the world. RSV illness can range from mild upper respiratory tract illness (URI) to severe LRI, including bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Severe RSV disease in infancy may also predispose children to develop reactive airway disease during childhood. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of an RSV vaccine (RSV LID ΔM2-2) in RSV-seronegative infants and children at least 6 months and through 24 months of age. To determine study eligibility, the screening process will include a blood collection. At study entry, eligible participants will be randomly assigned to receive one dose of either the RSV vaccine or placebo, which will be delivered as nose drops. Participants will also undergo a review of medical history, clinical assessment, and a nasal wash. They will then receive their assigned vaccine and will remain under observation for monitoring for 30 minutes after receiving the vaccine. Additional study visits will occur at Days 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 14, 17, 19, 21, 28, and 56. These visits will include clinical assessments and nasal washes; on Day 56, a blood collection will also occur. On days where no study visit is scheduled (through Day 27), participants' parents or guardians will report participants' temperatures and signs of illness to researchers by e-mail or phone. In October following vaccination, participants may have a pre-RSV season blood collection visit. During RSV season, November through March following vaccination, researchers will contact participants' parents or guardians on a weekly basis for follow-up monitoring. During this time frame, participants seen by a medical provider for fever, respiratory illness, or otitis media will have a study visit, which will include a nasal wash and clinical assessment. In April following vaccination, participants will undergo a final blood collection.
Investigators
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •Participant is at least 6 months but less than 25 months of age at the time of inoculation
- •Parent or guardian who demonstrates their understanding of the study, signs the informed consent, and agrees to vaccine administration following detailed explanation of the study
- •Seronegative for RSV antibody, defined as a serum RSV neutralizing antibody titer less than 1:40 as determined within 42 days prior to inoculation
- •Participant's history has been reviewed and participant has undergone a physical examination indicating that s/he is in good health. Permitted concomitant medications include nutritional supplements, medications for gastroesophageal reflux, eye drops, and topical medications, including topical steroids, topical antibiotics, and topical antifungal agents.
- •Participant has received routine immunizations appropriate for age, administered:
- •at least 2 weeks prior to study vaccine inoculation (inactivated and subunit vaccines and rotavirus vaccine) OR
- •at least 4 weeks prior to study vaccine inoculation (all other live vaccines)
- •Participant is expected to be available for the duration of the study
Exclusion Criteria
- •Known or suspected impairment of immunological functions, including maternal history of positive HIV test
- •Receipt of immunosuppressive therapy including systemic corticosteroids within the past 30 days. NOTE: Topical steroids, topical antibiotics, and topical antifungal medications are acceptable.
- •Bone marrow/solid organ transplant recipient
- •Major congenital malformations, including congenital cleft palate, cytogenetic abnormalities, or serious chronic disorders
- •Previous immunization with an RSV vaccine
- •Previous serious vaccine-associated AE or any anaphylactic reaction
- •Known hypersensitivity to any vaccine component
- •Lung or heart disease, including any wheezing event or reactive airway disease. NOTE: Participants with clinically insignificant cardiac abnormalities requiring no treatment may be enrolled. Participants who had one episode of wheezing or received bronchodilator therapy for a single episode of illness in the first year of life but who have not had any additional wheezing episodes or bronchodilator therapy for at least 12 months may be enrolled.
- •Member of a household that contains an immunocompromised individual
- •Member of a household that contains infants less than 6 months of age
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Proportion of participants that develop 4-fold or greater rises in RSV neutralizing antibody titer following vaccination
Time Frame: Measured through Day 56
Antibody responses to the RSV F glycoprotein will also be assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Severity of vaccine-related solicited AEs that occur during the acute monitoring phase of the study, the first 28 days after inoculation
Time Frame: Measured through Day 28
Frequency of vaccine-related solicited adverse events (AEs) that occur during the acute monitoring phase of the study, the first 28 days after inoculation
Time Frame: Measured through Day 28