Utilizing Advance Care Planning Videos to Empower Perioperative Cancer Patients and Families

Not Applicable

Completed

Conditions: Cancer

Interventions: Behavioral: Control video
Behavioral: Advance care planning video

Registration Number: NCT02489799

Lead Sponsor: Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins

Brief Summary: Through close engagement with our patient and family member co-investigators, the investigators have developed a video-based advance care planning aid for cancer patients and their family members who are preparing for major surgery. In this study, patients are randomized to see either the intervention video (involving advance care planning-related content) or a control video (no advance care planning-related content) prior to surgery. The investigators hypothesize that the video will lead to more and better preoperative discussions between the patient and surgeon that are related to advance care planning. The investigators also hypothesize that seeing the advance care planning-related video will decrease perioperative anxiety and depression scores.

Detailed Description: Many cancer patients pursue aggressive surgery in the hope of cancer cure or life prolongation. However, in doing so, patients and families may avoid advance care planning; they do not discuss specific goals and wishes should disease progress despite surgery. Moreover, a subset of patients become critically ill following surgery, and family members must make life-and-death decisions without knowing patient wishes. Preoperative advance care planning-facilitating patient and family discussions concerning perioperative goals, hopes, and fears-could empower patients and families to better choose which therapies and procedures they want outside of the initial surgery and for the months following surgery. Advance care planning aids exist, but none were developed for or evaluated in a surgical patient population. Furthermore, video-based advance care planning tools are an innovative way to better empower patients and families. Previous research shows that, with the aid of an advance care planning video, patients and families are more knowledgeable about treatment options and more comfortable with making decisions. Moreover, when better educated, these patients and families frequently choose less aggressive therapies.

However, video-based advance care planning tools have not been developed or tested in a surgical patient population. The investigators have developed and now will evaluate a video-based advance care planning aid for cancer patients and families pursing aggressive surgical cancer treatment. The investigators hypothesize that, in patients and family members, the video-based decision aid will facilitate better preoperative discussions about advance care planning between the patient and surgeon and decrease anxiety and depression after surgery.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 92

Inclusion Criteria

Patients aged 18 and older of study surgeons who are scheduled to have a surgical procedure identified by study surgeons to the study team.
Patients willing to give informed consent, ability to speak English, reasonably able to read a newspaper or book (without sight impairment); reasonable able to listen to radio, television (without hearing impairment).

Exclusion Criteria

Age <18 years old, non-English speaking patients who are not identified by participating surgeons

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Control	Control video	Control video - no advance care planning content
Intervention	Advance care planning video	Advance care planning video

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Measured ACP Content in the Presurgical Consent Visit	Approximately one week after study enrollment.	The RIAS scoring system using an audio-recording of a conversation to evaluate conversation content.
Measured Patient Centeredness in the Presurgical Consent Visit	Approximately one week after study enrollment.	The RIAS scoring system using an audio-recording of a conversation to evaluate the nature of the conversation between surgeon and patient. The patient-centeredness summary score is a ratio of statements that reflect the psychosocial and socio-emotional elements of exchange about the lived illness experience of patients relative to statements that reflect a more biomedical and disease focused perspective. This score reflects the encounter as a whole, rather than an individual's dialogue. A value greater than one indicates a more patient-centered encounter; whereas, a value less than one indicates a more biomedical encounter.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scores Across Study Arms Throughout the Study Period	Enrollment, one week after enrollment, one week after surgery, one month after surgery	This validated metric consists of two sub scales: one for symptoms of anxiety, and the other for symptoms of depression. Each subscale, consisting of seven questions, results in a score ranging from 0, indicating no distress, to 21, indicating maximum distress; a score higher than 7 indicates clinically meaningful anxiety or depression. Overall HADS scores, encompassing both subscales, results in a total score of 0 (no mood symptoms ) to 42 (maximal mood symptoms).
Iowa Goals of Care Across Study Arms Throughout the Study Period	Enrollment, one week after enrollment, one week after surgery, one month after surgery	This metric enables respondents to verify why they are seeking medical care. The most selected goal at all visits was "Cure my medical condition." We have reported the number of participants in each group who selected this goal at each time point.
Helpfulness of the Video Across Study Arms	One week after enrollment	This Likert scale evaluates respondent beliefs about the helpfulness of the video.
Comfort With the Video Across Study Arms	One week after enrollment	This Likert scale evaluates respondent beliefs about their comfort in viewing the video.
Recommendation of the Video to Others Across Study Arms	One week after enrollment	This Likert scale evaluates respondent beliefs about whether they would recommend the video to others.
Patient and Provider Satisfaction Scores Across Study Arms	One week after enrollment	The satisfaction score, as the sum of the scores of six questions (all in Likert scale), ranges from 6 to 30, with a higher score indicating higher level of satisfaction.
Prevalence of Participants Who Acknowledge Having Named a Surrogate Decision Maker Across Study Arms Throughout the Study Period	Enrollment, one month after surgery	This tracks which participants report having named a surrogate decision maker
Prevalence of Participants Who Acknowledge Having a Conversation With Their Surrogate Decision Maker Regarding Advance Care Planning Across Study Arms Throughout the Study Period	Enrollment, one month after surgery	This tracks which participants report having had an advance care planning-related conversation with their surrogate decision maker.