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Quantiferon Gold Test for Detecting Tuberculosis (TB) Infection in HIV/AIDS Patients in South Africa

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Latent Tuberculosis
HIV
Interventions
Device: QGIT
Registration Number
NCT02119130
Lead Sponsor
Johns Hopkins University
Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to use a cluster randomized trial to compare the effectiveness of linking the Quantiferon-gold in-tube test (QGIT) with routine CD4 testing to the routine use of the tuberculin skin test (TST), the current standard of care for diagnosing latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in South Africa. The investigators hypothesize that QGIT clinics will identify LTBI and initiate isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) in a higher proportion of patients and in a significantly faster timeframe. The cost-effectiveness of linking QGIT with routine CD4 compared to routine TST will also be evaluated, and the process of implementation of QGIT into the routine cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) blood draw will be evaluated using a mixed method approach to identify steps that can be modified for future scale-up of the intervention.

Detailed Description

The investigators propose a cluster randomized trial in 16 HIV clinics in South Africa to compare time to determine LTBI status in patients in clinics using QGIT and TST and those with TST only. The investigators will take advantage of the excellent HIV services provided in South Africa and link QGIT with CD4 blood collection and provide the first evidence of an operational comparison between QGIT and TST in HIV-infected patients in a country that accounts for one-third of the HIV-related TB in the world. The QGIT study will contribute to the understanding of QGIT performance and implementation in HIV-infected individuals. Careful evaluation of the implementation and operational aspects of the program will provide useful knowledge for future scale-up in this and other HIV clinic settings.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
3506
Inclusion Criteria
  • HIV-infected
  • >= 18 years of age
  • attending one of the 14 clinics during the duration of the study
  • eligible to receive TST or IPT according to South Africa guidelines
Exclusion Criteria
  • diagnosed with active tuberculosis
  • not eligible to receive TST or IPT according to South Africa guidelines

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
QGITQGITQGIT for all eligible patients, to be done at routine CD4 blood draw. Thereafter, for 2 years, annual QGIT at CD4 blood draw for patients with QGIT negative/unknown history. IPT to be provided to patients with a positive QGIT for whom active TB has been ruled out.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Proportion of eligible patients receiving a second TST or QGIT following an initial negative testParticipants will be followed for the duration of the study, an expected average of 2 years
Impact of linking QGIT with CD4 blood collection and the current standard of care process of TST in HIV clinics in South Africa on operational metricsParticipants will be followed for the duration of the study, an expected average of 2 years
Time to known latent TB infection status in clinics integrating QGIT with CD4 blood draw versus clinics with current standard of care (TST only)Participants will be followed for the duration of the study, an expected average of 2 years
Time to provision of IPT for eligible patients in QGIT versus TST-only clinicsParticipants will be followed for the duration of the study, an expected average of 2 years
Proportion of patients with known LTBI status in QGIT and TST-only clinicsParticipants will be followed for the duration of the study, an expected average of 2 years
Proportion of eligible patients receiving IPT between QGIT and TST-only clinicsParticipants will be followed for the duration of the study, an expected average of 2 years
Patient-, provider-, and clinic-level factors that impact outcomes within and between armsParticipants will be followed for the duration of the study, an expected average of 2 years
Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Cost effectiveness of implementing QGIT versus TST-only2 years

Costs and effectiveness (quality-adjusted life years) of LTBI screening and treatment with QGIT versus TST standard of care. Looking at the impact on the HIV-associated TB epidemic in South Africa under each strategy and scenarios under which QGIT is cost-effective relative to TST, and vice versa.

Attitudinal and operational factors influencing the successful implementation of QGIT versus TST diagnostic practices from the perspective of key clinic personnelup to 6 months

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of clinic personnel, along with consensus regarding key factors linked to successful screening

Attitudinal and operational factors influencing the successful implementation of QGIT versus TST diagnostic practices from the perspective of patients2 years

Patients' understandings and experiences with TB screening approaches, along with consensus regarding key factors linked to successful screening

Attitudinal and operational factors influencing the successful implementation of QGIT versus TST diagnostic practices from the perspective of clinic personnel2 years

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of clinic personnel, along with consensus regarding key factors linked to successful screening

Trial Locations

Locations (14)

Bothabelo CHC

🇿🇦

Klerksdorp, North West, South Africa

Grace Mokhomo

🇿🇦

Klerksdorp, North West, South Africa

Jouberton

🇿🇦

Klerksdorp, North West, South Africa

Marcus Zenzile

🇿🇦

Klerksdorp, North West, South Africa

NM Pretorious Gateway

🇿🇦

Klerksdorp, North West, South Africa

Stilfontein

🇿🇦

Klerksdorp, North West, South Africa

Orkney

🇿🇦

Klerksdorp, North West, South Africa

Park Street

🇿🇦

Klerksdorp, North West, South Africa

Tshepong Wellness Clinic

🇿🇦

Klerksdorp, North West, South Africa

Tsholofelo

🇿🇦

Klerksdorp, North West, South Africa

Boiki Tihapi

🇿🇦

Potchefstroom, North West, South Africa

Steve Tshwete

🇿🇦

Potchefstroom, North West, South Africa

Potchefstroom Gateway

🇿🇦

Potchefstroom, North West, South Africa

Potchefstroom

🇿🇦

Potchefstroom, North West, South Africa

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