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Assessing the Symptoms of Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Completed
Conditions
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Registration Number
NCT01481636
Lead Sponsor
Bangor University
Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between health outcomes associated with the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) symptomatology, the findings will guide the design of interventional studies.

Detailed Description

Obstructive sleep apnea is a condition characterised by periods of narrowing of the pharyngeal airways during sleep causing hypoxic and hypercapnic episodes with the cessation of ventilation. Considering the high number of overweight and obese individuals in Western society the understanding of the pathomechanisms behind OSA are important. This observational study aims to investigate the correlations between the severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea assessed by the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and different health outcomes associated with the OSA.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
Male
Target Recruitment
66
Inclusion Criteria
  • Body Mass Index ≤39
  • Not received any treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
  • Is a non-smoker
  • Is not epileptic
  • Epworth Sleepiness Scale ≥ 10.
  • Patient's on Statins or antihypertensive drugs are included as so frequent in OSA.
Exclusion Criteria
  • Body Mass Index ≥ 39.
  • Presence of significant or unstable Renal, Liver or Heart Failure.
  • Receiving anti-diabetic treatment.
  • Is a smoker.
  • Is epileptic
  • Presence of significant or unstable psychological morbidities.

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI)one night within four weeks of study.

AHI refers to how is the number of apneas and hypopneas per an hour of sleep.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Plasma AdiponectinWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment and after four weeks of CPAP treatment

Hormone secreted by adipocytes (Fat cells). Adiponectin is closely linked to metabolism and may have anti-inflammatory properties.

DyspneaWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

Rating of breathlessness half way through fatigue protocol and at the end of protocol.

Waist circumferenceWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment
Plasma 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG)Within four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment and after four weeks of CPAP treatment.

Ligand of the G-protein coupled CB1 and CB2 receptors, has been found to be correlated with Oleylethanolamide (OEA) in OSA patients have various effects on energy metabolism.

Residual volumeWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

Volume of air remaining in lungs after full expiration

Plasma Anandamide (ANA)Within four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment and after four weeks of CPAP treatment

Ligand of the G-protein coupled CB1 and CB2 receptors, found to be correlated with blood pressure in OSA after the adjustment of confounding variables. Have various effects on energy metabolism.

InsulinWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment and after four weeks of CPAP treatment

Hormone which causes liver and muscle and fat cells to take up glucose to convert to glycogen. OSA is associated with insulin resistance.

Fat massWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

Fat components of the human body estimated non-invasively using bioimpedance measurement system.

Plasma oleoylethanolamine (OEA)Within four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment and after four weeks of CPAP treatment

A lipid mediator which acts as an anorexigenic (appetite suppressant), and is elevated with sleep deprivation.

Plasma C-reactive ProteinWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment and after four weeks of CPAP treatment

Marker of inflammation.

WeightWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment
Fat-free massWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

Non-fat components of the human body estimated non-invasively using a bioimpedance measurement system.

Chest RPEWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

Rating of perceived exertion in the chest and associated airways during the inspiratory fatigue protocol.

Ventilation with 25% O2/ 6% CO2Within four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

Measures the breathing response to high oxygen and high CO2 therefore assessing the central chemoreceptors response only.

Airway ResistanceWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

Opposition of flow caused by forces of friction.

Plasma LeptinWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment and after four weeks of CPAP treatment

Circulating protein produced in adipose tissue. Elevated in OSA and obesity. Leptin may reduce respiratory depression.

Neck circumferenceWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment
Ventilation with 13% O2 / 6% CO2Within four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

Measures the breathing response to low oxygen and high CO2. Designed to assess the response of the sum of the peripheral and central chemoreceptors

Mean RR intervalWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

Time domain measure: Average time interval between the heart beats R waves

LF/HF ratioWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment.

The ratio of low frequency (0.04 - 0.15 Hz) to high (0.15-0.40 Hz) frequency recordings.

Functional residual volumeWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

Air present in lungs at the end of passive expiration

Total lung capacityWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

Total volume of lungs

Forced Vital capacityWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

Maximum amount of air which can be expired from the lungs following a full inspiration

Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)Within four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

Maximum amount of air which can be expired from the lungs in one second.

Hip circumferenceWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment
Maximal Inspiratory pressureWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

Measured at residual volume, reflects the strength of the diaphragm and other inspiratory muscles.

Rate of inspiratory muscle fatigueWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

The decline in maximal inspiratory pressure following inspiration against a resistance.

Ventilation with 13% O2Within four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

Measures the breathing response to low oxygen. Designed to Assess the response to the peripheral chemoreceptors.

SDNNWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

Time domain measure: The standard deviation of all RR intervals

Low frequency domainWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment.

Frequency domain analysis: represents 0.04-0.15 Hz reflecting sympathetic activity.

High frequency domainWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment.

Frequency domain analysis: represents 0.15-0.40 Hz reflecting parasympathetic activity.

NN50 countWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

Time domain measure: The number of pairs of adjacent RR intervals differing by more than 50 ms in the entire analysis interval.

NN50 of total HR (%)Within four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

Time domain measure: NN50 count divided by total number of all RR intervals.

HRV triangular indexWithin four weeks of recruitment prior to CPAP treatment

The total number of RR intervals divided by maximum height of the histogram excluding boundaries.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board

🇬🇧

Bangor, Gwynedd, United Kingdom

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