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Inhaled Sevoflurane for ARDS Prevention

Phase 3
Recruiting
Conditions
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Interventions
Drug: Inhaled sedation with sevoflurane
Drug: Intravenous sedation (current practice)
Registration Number
NCT05849779
Lead Sponsor
University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand
Brief Summary

This study focuses on patients who are at risk of developing a serious, life-threatening respiratory disease called Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), which severely disrupts the function of their lungs.

Preclinical studies have shown that the use of a volatile anesthetic agent such as Sevoflurane could be beneficial in the treatment and prevention of this respiratory condition. By improving gas exchange and attenuating pulmonary inflammation in particular, this agent would make it possible to prevent deterioration or to restore pulmonary function more rapidly.

Half of the patients will receive inhaled sedation with sevoflurane and the other half will receive intravenous sedation already routinely used in participating ICUs (typically propofol, dexmedetomidine or a benzodiazepine, i.e. drugs approved for sedation).

The aim of this study is to assess whether the use of Sevoflurane could be beneficial in the prevention of ARDS.

Detailed Description

MAIN OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of inhaled sevoflurane, compared to current intravenous sedation practice, for improving PaO2/FiO2 in ICU patients at high risk for ARDS.

HYPOTHESIS The investigators hypothesized that a strategy of inhaled sedation with sevoflurane could be more effective than current intravenous sedation practice at improving pulmonary function during the early days of ICU admission, in patients at risk of ARDS.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
RECRUITING
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
80
Inclusion Criteria
  1. Age ≥ 18 years
  2. Admitted to participating ICUs with at least one known risk factor for ARDS and a LIPS equals to, or greater than, 4 (Appendix D)105
  3. Patient under invasive mechanical ventilation
  4. With expected duration of sedation superior or equal to 4 hours
  5. Affiliation to the French Sécurité Sociale
Exclusion Criteria
  • Patient under judicial protection, guardianship or supervision, as defined by art L1121-8 of the Public Health Code
  • Patient under psychiatric care as defined by art. L1121-6 of the Public Health Code
  • Patient deprived of their freedom by judiciary or administrative order
  • Known pregnancy
  • Presence of ARDS prior to randomization
  • Endotracheal ventilation for greater than 24 hours prior to randomization
  • Home mechanical ventilation (non-invasive ventilation or via tracheotomy) except for CPAP/BIPAP used solely for sleep-disordered breathing
  • Tidal volume of 6 mL/kg predicted body weight (PBW) below 200 mL (i.e. height inferior to 134cm for a man and 139cm for a woman)
  • Moribund patient, i.e. not expected to survive 24 hours despite intensive care
  • Previous hypersensitivity or anaphylactic reaction to sevoflurane or to the intravenous sedation agent routinely used in the participating ICU (such as midazolam, propofol, or dexmedetomidine)
  • Absolute contra-indications to the intravenous sedation agent routinely used in the participating ICU (such as midazolam, propofol, or dexmedetomidine)
  • Medical history of malignant hyperthermia
  • Long QT syndrome at risk of arrhythmic events
  • Medical history of liver disease attributed to previous exposure to a halogenated agent (including sevoflurane)
  • Suspected or proven intracranial hypertension
  • Enrollment in another interventional trial with direct impact on oxygenation

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Inhaled sedation with sevofluraneInhaled sedation with sevofluraneSevoflurane as vaporized via the Anesthesia Conserving Device (Sedaconda-ACD-S, Sedana Medical, Danderyd, Sweden).
Intravenous sedationIntravenous sedation (current practice)The investigators will not mandate the sedative type, but rather encourage the use of sedatives that are already routinely used in participating ICUs (typically a benzodiazepine, propofol, or dexmedetomidine, i.e. drugs approved for sedation).
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
PaO2/FiO2 ratiowithin 5 days from randomization

longitudinal evolution in the PaO2/FiO2 ratio

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Rate of pneumoniaPresence of pneumonia will be assessed daily until Day 5, and at Day 28 or ICU discharge, whichever comes first.

Pneumonia will be defined according to the 3 following criteria:

* Two chest radiographs showing signs of pneumonia, or one in absence of cardiomyopathy or underlying pulmonary condition.

* One item among: body temperature ≥38.3°C without evident cause, leukocytes \<4000/mm3 or ≥12000/mm3

* Two items among: purulent secretions, cough or dyspnea, increased need for oxygen supplementation or ventilatory assistance.

Organ failure to day 55 days after randomization

Organ failure is defined as present when the most abnormal vital signs or clinically available lab value meets the definition of clinically significant organ failure according to SOFA scores. Patients will be followed daily from randomization to day 5 for development of organ failures.

Length of ICU-stay up to 28 days28 days after randomization

The total number of days from admission to ICU discharge will be recorded until day 28

Hemodynamic measures28 days after randomization

- Hemodynamic measures (mean arterial pressure, dose of infused norepinephrine or other vasopressor, serum lactate level) on study days 1-5

Progression to ARDSwithin 5 days from randomization

Progression to ARDS will be assessed according to the Berlin criteria, including chest radiographs

Mortality at day 2828 days after randomization

The occurrence of death in the ICU will be recorded until day 28.

Physiological measures: PaCO228 days after randomization

- PaCO2 on study days 1-5

Physiological measures: pH28 days after randomization

- Arterial pH on study days 1-5

Physiological measures: Switch from controlled to pressure-support ventilation28 days after randomization

- Time to switching from controlled to pressure-support ventilation through day 5

Ventilator-free days to day 2828 days after randomization

Ventilator free days to day 28 are defined as the number of days from the time of initiating unassisted breathing to day 28 after randomization, assuming survival for at least two consecutive calendar days after initiating unassisted breathing and continued unassisted breathing to day 28. If a patient returns to assisted breathing and subsequently achieves unassisted breathing to day 28, VFDs will be counted from the end of the last period of assisted breathing to day 28. A period of assisted breathing lasting less than 24 hours and for the purpose of a surgical procedure will not count against the VFD calculation. If a patient was receiving assisted breathing at day 27 or dies prior to day 28, VFDs will be zero.

Biomarker measurementsfrom inclusion to 5 days

Plasma samples will be collected from indwelling catheters (when available) at study entry and on days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 in order to assemble a biological collection aimed at further investigating the effects of inhaled sedation with sevoflurane in patients with ARDS.

The investigators will also collect whole blood samples at study entry and on day 2 for future studies of macrophage activation profiles and RNA and DNA studies.

Physiological measures: Oxygenation28 days after randomization

- Oxygenation Index on study days 1-5

Physiological measures: Plateau pressure28 days after randomization

- Plateau pressure, static compliance of the respiratory system on study day 1-5

Physiological measures: Airway occlusion pressure28 days after randomization

- Airway occlusion pressure at 0.1 s (P0.1), an index of respiratory drive, on the day the patient is switched to pressure-support ventilation if within 5 days since randomization

Physiological measures: Acute kidney injury28 days after randomization

- KDIGO criteria for acute kidney injury 24 through day 5

ICU-acquired delirium28 days after randomization

The Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU, Appendix C )97 will be assessed daily from study entry to study day 28, death or ICU discharge, whichever comes first.

Physiological measures: PEEP28 days after randomization

- Level of PEEP (and static auto-PEEP in patients under controlled ventilation) on study days 1-5

Physiological measures: Pneumothorax28 days after randomization

- Development of pneumothorax through day 28

Physiological measures: Supraventricular tachycardia28 days after randomization

- Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) or new onset atrial fibrillation through day 5

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

CHU Clermont-Ferrand

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Clermont-ferrand, Not Required For This Country, France

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