Efficacy of Group Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Self-Esteem, Psychological Well-Being, and Happiness Index among Adults with Substance Use Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)

Substance Use has been a really concerning problem for society for years now, and its impact can be seen in various forms and ways, within the individual as well as the outside surroundings of the people indulged in addiction or substance use. When it involves substance use, self-esteem, happiness, and psychological well-being are a few of the foremost important variables, concepts and concerns that have a varying influence on this problem. A study describes about the importance of increasing self-esteem to decrease their tendency towards addiction/substance use. Another study also describes that folks with chronic self-esteem issues may take on behaviors that reinforce their feelings of inadequacy, including drug misuse because they believe they need little to live up to. Whether or not individuals have relatively high self-esteem when they begin using alcohol or drugs, they will see this disappear as they fall further and further into addiction. Low self-esteem is one most common precursor to substance use and addiction (Gateway Foundation, 2021; UK rehab, 2019; Hamid Reza SADEGHI, 2017; Safe Landing Recovery, 2021). Both substance misuse and substance use disorders harm the health and well-being of people and communities. When a psychological state problem goes untreated, the substance use problem usually gets worse, when alcohol or drug use increases, psychological state problems, general psychological well-being, and behavior usually also increases (General, 2022; Melinda, 2022). An increase in the level of happiness, overall life satisfaction, and well-being has also been positively correlated in absence of substance use among adults and adolescents. Recent longitudinal evidence also indicates that a flourishing psychological state that may have been hindered as a result of anxiety, substance use, and more, can cause higher levels of happiness (hedonic, eudemonic), and mental well-being among adult individuals (Tuicomepee & Romano, 2017; Schotanus-Dijkstra et al., 2016). Overall, it can be seen how low self-esteem, psychological well-being, and happiness index may result in more relapses. Still, there are fewer studies that have tested the effect of MBCT on these variables. Hence the target of the current research is to see if MBCT can increase or enhance these factors so that the relapses can be prevented and improve the overall recovery process.